Uplink data transmission method and apparatus

ABSTRACT

Embodiments disclose an uplink data transmission method and apparatus. The method includes: determining M transmission areas allocated to a terminal device, and generating first information used to indicate the M transmission areas, where M is a positive integer, and the transmission area represents an air interface time-frequency resource that includes a time range and a frequency range that are specified by a communications system. The method also includes determining, for each transmission area of the M transmission areas, second information used to indicate a transport block size. The method also includes sending an indication message to the terminal device, so that the terminal device transmits uplink data according to the indication message, where the indication message includes the first information and the second information.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of International Patent ApplicationNo. PCT/CN2015/073567, filed on Mar. 3, 2015, the disclosure of which ishereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to the communications field, and inparticular, to an uplink data transmission method and apparatus in thecommunications field.

BACKGROUND

As wireless cellular networks continuously evolve, orthogonal multipleaccess technologies such as a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)technology and an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA)technology that are widely applied to third-generation (3G) andfourth-generation (4G) mobile communications systems already graduallybecome inadequate to meet increasing capacity requirements of people oncellular networks, for example, are already inadequate to meet massiveaccess and continuous increase of spectral efficiency, and the like.With ongoing development of research and application of non-orthogonalmultiple access technologies, people hope that a future wirelesscellular network such as a fifth-generation (5G) mobile communicationssystem can effectively address a problem of increasing capacityrequirements by means of non-orthogonal multiple access technologies.

In another aspect, conventional request-grant-based uplink datatransmission in a cellular network is usually performed according to thefollowing steps: First, a user sends a service request to a base stationby using a specific resource (for example, a time-frequency resource).After receiving the service request, the base station grants uplink datatransmission for the user according to a data buffer status reported bythe user periodically or non-periodically, and delivers, to the user, anallocated resource for use in uplink transmission. Finally, the usertransmits uplink data according to grant information by using theallocated uplink resource.

At an initial stage of an evolution process of a cellular network, aquantity of terminals increases relatively slowly, and users haverelatively low requirements on delays. A conventionalrequest-grant-based uplink data transmission method can be widelyapplied to 3G and 4G systems. However, as application scenarios,terminal types, and application types become increasingly varied, in afuture evolution process of the cellular network, the quantity ofterminals increases in an explosive manner. In specific applicationscenarios, users also impose higher requirements on network delays. Insuch a case, the conventional request-grant-based uplink datatransmission method becomes no longer applicable because of relativelylong delays and relatively high signaling overheads.

Compared with a conventional request-grant-based transmission method, ina non-grant-mode transmission method, a user directly sends uplink databy using a specific resource without needing to undergo a process fromservice requesting to uplink granting by a base station. Therefore, thenon-grant-mode transmission method has significant advantages in termsof network delays and signaling overheads. In a non-orthogonal multipleaccess technology, it is allowed to use different codebooks to senddifferent data streams on a same time-frequency resource, and a receiveend can implement error-free decoding of multiple data streams.Therefore, a non-grant-mode uplink transmission method in which anon-orthogonal multiple access technology is combined has the potentialto be extremely widely applied in future cellular communications systems(for example, 5G).

Currently, a non-grant-mode uplink transmission method in an SCMA systemis: A base station assigns one contention transmission unit (CTU) toeach user. The CTU is defined as a combination of a time-frequencyresource and an SCMA codebook or a pilot sequence. After a user hasreached uplink synchronization with the base station, if uplink dataneeds to be sent, the user directly generates the uplink data by usingan SCMA codebook in a corresponding CTU and directly generates a pilotby using a pilot sequence in the corresponding CTU, and sends the uplinkdata and the pilot on a time-frequency resource specified by the CTU.The base station decodes user data on a possible time-frequency resourceby using a blind detection method and by using a possible SCMA codebookand pilot sequence.

However, because the base station needs to try sizes of all possibletransport blocks during decoding, so as to perform blind detection onuser data. The blind detection has huge costs. For example, a processingdelay is extremely long, and even exceeds a transmission delay that canbe saved in a non-grant-mode transmission method, thereby causing thenon-grant-mode transmission method to lose an advantage of a short delayover the conventional request-grant-based transmission method.

SUMMARY

Embodiments of the present invention provide an uplink data transmissionmethod and apparatus, which can reduce a delay in decoding processing ofuplink data.

According to a first aspect, an uplink data transmission method isprovided. The method includes determining M transmission areas allocatedto a terminal device, and generating first information used to indicatethe M transmission areas, where M is a positive integer, and thetransmission area represents an air interface time-frequency resourcethat includes a time range and a frequency range that are specified by acommunications system. The method also includes determining, for eachtransmission area of the M transmission areas, second information usedto indicate a transport block size. The method also includes sending anindication message to the terminal device, so that the terminal devicetransmits uplink data according to the indication message, where theindication message includes the first information and the secondinformation.

With reference to the first aspect, in a first possible implementationmanner of the first aspect, the method further includes: determining atleast one codebook-pilot set for each transmission area of the Mtransmission areas, and generating third information used to indicatethe at least one codebook-pilot set, where the indication messagefurther includes the third information, and the codebook-pilot setincludes multiple codebooks, multiple pilot sequences, and a combinationrelationship between a codebook and a pilot sequence.

With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the firstaspect, in a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect,the codebook includes two or more codewords, the codeword is amultidimensional complex vector and is used to represent a mappingrelationship between data and at least two modulation symbols, and theat least two modulation symbols include at least one zero modulationsymbol and at least one non-zero modulation symbol.

With reference to the first aspect or the first or the second possibleimplementation manner of the first aspect, in a third possibleimplementation manner of the first aspect, the third informationincludes an index of the at least one codebook-pilot set.

With reference to any one of the first aspect or the first to the thirdpossible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a fourthpossible implementation manner of the first aspect, the secondinformation includes information about a transport block size determinedfor each transmission area of the M transmission areas; or the secondinformation includes information about a coding rate determined for eachtransmission area of the M transmission areas, so that the terminaldevice determines a transport block size according to a quantity of unittime-frequency resources that are in a transmission area and that can beused to transmit data, a modulation order, and the coding rate.

With reference to any one of the first aspect or the first to the fourthpossible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a fifth possibleimplementation manner of the first aspect, the second informationincludes an index of the transport block size determined for eachtransmission area of the M transmission areas; or the second informationincludes an index of the coding rate determined for each transmissionarea of the M transmission areas.

With reference to any one of the first aspect or the first to the fifthpossible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a sixth possibleimplementation manner of the first aspect, the method further includes:receiving uplink data that is sent by the terminal device on Ntransmission areas according to transport block sizes of the Ntransmission areas, where N is a positive integer less than or equal toM; and decoding the uplink data on the N transmission areas according tothe transport block sizes of the N transmission areas.

With reference to any one of the first aspect or the first to the sixthpossible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a seventhpossible implementation manner of the first aspect, the firstinformation includes time domain information and frequency domaininformation of each transmission area of the M transmission areas.

With reference to any one of the first aspect or the first to theseventh possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in aneighth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the firstinformation includes a first bit string used to indicate a subframe of atime domain of each transmission area of the M transmission areas and asecond bit string used to indicate a resource block of a frequencydomain of each transmission area of the M transmission areas.

With reference to any one of the first aspect or the first to the eighthpossible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a ninth possibleimplementation manner of the first aspect, the sending an indicationmessage to the terminal device includes: carrying the indication messageon a broadcast channel, and sending, in a broadcast manner, theindication message to all or some of terminal devices served by anetwork device; or carrying the indication message on a dedicatedcontrol channel, and sending, in a unicast manner, the indicationmessage to one specific terminal device or one specific group ofterminal devices served by the network device.

According to a second aspect, an uplink data transmission method isprovided. The method includes receiving an indication message sent by anetwork device, where the indication message includes first informationand second information, the first information is used to indicate Mtransmission areas allocated by the network device, the secondinformation is used to indicate a transport block size of eachtransmission area of the M transmission areas, M is a positive integer,and the transmission area represents an air interface time-frequencyresource that includes a time range and a frequency range that arespecified by a communications system. The method also includes selectingN transmission areas from the M transmission areas according to thefirst information, where N is a positive integer less than or equal toM. The method also includes determining a transport block size of eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas according to the secondinformation. The method also includes sending, on each transmission areaof the N transmission areas, uplink data to the network device accordingto the transport block size of each transmission area of the Ntransmission areas.

With reference to the second aspect, in a first possible implementationmanner of the second aspect, the method further includes: selecting oneconstellation-pilot combination from a preset constellation-pilot setfor each transmission area of the N transmission areas, where theconstellation-pilot set includes multiple constellation-pilotcombinations; and generating an uplink pilot signal according to a pilotsequence in the constellation-pilot combination; and the sending, oneach transmission area of the N transmission areas, uplink data to thenetwork device according to the transport block size of eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas includes: generating theuplink data on each transmission area of the N transmission areasaccording to a modulation constellation in the constellation-pilotcombination and according to the transport block size of eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas; and sending the uplinkpilot and the uplink data to the network device on each transmissionarea of the N transmission areas.

With reference to the second aspect, in a second possible implementationmanner of the second aspect, the indication message further includesthird information, the third information is used to indicate at leastone codebook-pilot set that is determined by the network device for eachtransmission area of the M transmission areas, and the codebook-pilotset includes multiple codebooks, pilot sequences, and a combinationrelationship between a codebook and a pilot sequence; the method furtherincludes: determining at least one codebook-pilot set of eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas according to the thirdinformation; selecting one codebook-pilot combination from the at leastone codebook-pilot set for each transmission area of the N transmissionareas; and generating an uplink pilot signal according to a pilotsequence in the codebook-pilot combination; and the sending, on eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas, uplink data to thenetwork device according to the transport block size of eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas includes: generating theuplink data on each transmission area of the N transmission areasaccording to a codebook in the codebook-pilot combination and accordingto the transport block size of each transmission area of the Ntransmission areas; and sending the uplink pilot and the uplink data tothe network device on each transmission area of the N transmissionareas.

With reference to the second possible implementation manner of thesecond aspect, in a third possible implementation manner of the secondaspect, the codebook includes two or more codewords, the codeword is amultidimensional complex vector and is used to represent a mappingrelationship between data and at least two modulation symbols, and theat least two modulation symbols include at least one zero modulationsymbol and at least one non-zero modulation symbol.

With reference to the second or the third possible implementation mannerof the second aspect, in a fourth possible implementation manner of thesecond aspect, the third information includes an index of the at leastone codebook-pilot set.

With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the secondaspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner of the second aspect,the constellation-pilot combination meets the following condition: aquantity of unit time-frequency resources that are in a transmissionarea and that can be used to transmit data*a modulation order of amodulation constellation in a constellation-pilot combination>atransport block size determined for the transmission area.

With reference to any one of the second to the fourth possibleimplementation manners of the second aspect, in a sixth possibleimplementation manner of the second aspect, the codebook-pilotcombination meets the following condition: a quantity of unittime-frequency resources that are in a transmission area and that can beused to transmit data*a modulation order of a codebook in acodebook-pilot combination>a transport block size determined for thetransmission area.

With reference to any one of the second aspect or the first to the sixthpossible implementation manners of the second aspect, in a seventhpossible implementation manner of the second aspect, the secondinformation includes information about a coding rate that is determinedby the network device for each transmission area of the M transmissionareas, and the determining a transport block size of each transmissionarea of the N transmission areas according to the second informationincludes: determining the transport block size of each transmission areaof the N transmission areas according to a quantity of unittime-frequency resources that are in each transmission area of the Ntransmission areas and that can be used to transmit data, a modulationorder, and the coding rate.

With reference to any one of the second aspect or the first to the sixthpossible implementation manners of the second aspect, in an eighthpossible implementation manner of the second aspect, the secondinformation includes an index of the transport block size determined foreach transmission area of the M transmission areas; or the secondinformation includes an index of a coding rate determined for eachtransmission area of the M transmission areas.

With reference to any one of the second aspect or the first to theeighth possible implementation manners of the second aspect, in a ninthpossible implementation manner of the second aspect, the firstinformation includes time domain information and frequency domaininformation of each transmission area of the M transmission areas.

With reference to any one of the second aspect or the first to the ninthpossible implementation manners of the second aspect, in a tenthpossible implementation manner of the second aspect, the firstinformation includes a first bit string used to indicate a subframe of atime domain of each transmission area of the M transmission areas and asecond bit string used to indicate a resource block of a frequencydomain of each transmission area of the M transmission areas.

According to a third aspect, an uplink data transmission apparatus isprovided. The apparatus includes a first determining module, configuredto: determine M transmission areas allocated to a terminal device, andgenerate first information used to indicate the M transmission areas,where M is a positive integer, and the transmission area represents anair interface time-frequency resource that includes a time range and afrequency range that are specified by a communications system. Theapparatus also includes a second determining module, configured todetermine, for each transmission area of the M transmission areas thatare determined by the first determining module, second information usedto indicate a transport block size. The apparatus also includes asending module, configured to send an indication message to the terminaldevice, so that the terminal device transmits uplink data according tothe indication message, where the indication message includes the firstinformation determined by the first determining module and the secondinformation determined by the second determining module.

With reference to the third aspect, in a first possible implementationmanner of the third aspect, the apparatus further includes: a seconddetermining module, configured to: determine at least one codebook-pilotset for each transmission area of the M transmission areas that aredetermined by the first determining module, and generate thirdinformation used to indicate the at least one codebook-pilot set, wherethe indication message sent by the sending module further includes thethird information, and the codebook-pilot set includes multiplecodebooks, multiple pilot sequences, and a combination relationshipbetween a codebook and a pilot sequence.

With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the thirdaspect, in a second possible implementation manner of the third aspect,the codebook includes two or more codewords, the codeword is amultidimensional complex vector and is used to represent a mappingrelationship between data and at least two modulation symbols, and theat least two modulation symbols include at least one zero modulationsymbol and at least one non-zero modulation symbol.

With reference to the third aspect or the first or the second possibleimplementation manner of the third aspect, in a third possibleimplementation manner of the third aspect, the third informationincludes an index of the at least one codebook-pilot set.

With reference to any one of the third aspect or the first to the thirdpossible implementation manners of the third aspect, in a fourthpossible implementation manner of the third aspect, the secondinformation includes information about a transport block size determinedfor each transmission area of the M transmission areas; or the secondinformation includes information about a coding rate determined for eachtransmission area of the M transmission areas, so that the terminaldevice determines a transport block size according to a quantity of unittime-frequency resources that are in a transmission area and that can beused to transmit data, a modulation order, and the coding rate.

With reference to any one of the third aspect or the first to the fourthpossible implementation manners of the third aspect, in a fifth possibleimplementation manner of the third aspect, the second informationincludes an index of the transport block size determined for eachtransmission area of the M transmission areas; or the second informationincludes an index of the coding rate determined for each transmissionarea of the M transmission areas.

With reference to any one of the third aspect or the first to the fifthpossible implementation manners of the third aspect, in a sixth possibleimplementation manner of the third aspect, the apparatus furtherincludes: a receiving module, configured to receive uplink data that issent by the terminal device on N transmission areas according totransport block sizes of the N transmission areas, where N is a positiveinteger less than or equal to M; and a decoding module, configured todecode the uplink data on the N transmission areas according to thetransport block sizes of the N transmission areas.

With reference to any one of the third aspect or the first to the sixthpossible implementation manners of the third aspect, in a seventhpossible implementation manner of the third aspect, the firstinformation includes time domain information and frequency domaininformation of each transmission area of the M transmission areas.

With reference to any one of the third aspect or the first to theseventh possible implementation manners of the third aspect, in aneighth possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the firstinformation includes a first bit string used to indicate a subframe of atime domain of each transmission area of the M transmission areas and asecond bit string used to indicate a resource block of a frequencydomain of each transmission area of the M transmission areas.

With reference to any one of the third aspect or the first to the eighthpossible implementation manners of the third aspect, in a ninth possibleimplementation manner of the third aspect, the sending module isspecifically configured to: carry the indication message on a broadcastchannel, and send, in a broadcast manner, the indication message to allor some of terminal devices served by a network device; or carry theindication message on a dedicated control channel, and send, in aunicast manner, the indication message to one specific terminal deviceor one specific group of terminal devices served by the network device.

With reference to any one of the third aspect or the first to the ninthpossible implementation manners of the third aspect, in a tenth possibleimplementation manner of the third aspect, the apparatus is a networkdevice.

According to a fourth aspect, an uplink data transmission apparatus isprovided. The apparatus includes a receiving module, configured toreceive an indication message sent by a network device, where theindication message includes first information and second information,the first information is used to indicate M transmission areas allocatedby the network device, the second information is used to indicate atransport block size of each transmission area of the M transmissionareas, M is a positive integer, and the transmission area represents anair interface time-frequency resource that includes a time range and afrequency range that are specified by a communications system. Theapparatus also includes a first determining module, configured to selectN transmission areas from the M transmission areas according to thefirst information, where N is a positive integer less than or equal toM. The apparatus also includes a second determining module, configuredto determine, according to the second information, transport block sizesof the N transmission areas determined by the first determining module.The apparatus also includes a sending module, configured to send, oneach transmission area of the N transmission areas determined by thefirst determining module, uplink data to the network device according tothe transport block size, which is determined by the second determiningmodule, of each transmission area of the N transmission areas.

With reference to the fourth aspect, in a first possible implementationmanner of the fourth aspect, the apparatus further includes: a thirddetermining module, configured to select one constellation-pilotcombination from a preset constellation-pilot set for each transmissionarea of the N transmission areas, where the constellation-pilot setincludes multiple constellation-pilot combinations; and a firstgeneration module, configured to generate an uplink pilot signalaccording to a pilot sequence in the constellation-pilot combinationdetermined by the third determining module. The sending module isspecifically configured to: generate uplink data on each transmissionarea of the N transmission areas according to a modulation constellationin the constellation-pilot combination and according to the transportblock size of each transmission area of the N transmission areas; andsend the uplink pilot and the uplink data to the network device on eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas.

With reference to the fourth aspect, in a second possible implementationmanner of the fourth aspect, the indication message further includesthird information, the third information is used to indicate at leastone codebook-pilot set that is determined by the network device for eachtransmission area of the M transmission areas, and the codebook-pilotset includes multiple codebooks, pilot sequences, and a combinationrelationship between a codebook and a pilot sequence. The apparatusfurther includes: a fourth determining module, configured to determineat least one codebook-pilot set of each transmission area of the Ntransmission areas according to the third information; a fifthdetermining module, configured to select one codebook-pilot combinationfrom the at least one codebook-pilot set for each transmission area ofthe N transmission areas; and a second generation module, configured togenerate an uplink pilot signal according to a pilot sequence in thecodebook-pilot combination. The sending module is specificallyconfigured to: generate uplink data on each transmission area of the Ntransmission areas according to a codebook in the codebook-pilotcombination and according to the transport block size of eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas; and send the uplink pilotand the uplink data to the network device on each transmission area ofthe N transmission areas.

With reference to the second possible implementation manner of thefourth aspect, in a third possible implementation manner of the fourthaspect, the codebook includes two or more codewords, the codeword is amultidimensional complex vector and is used to represent a mappingrelationship between data and at least two modulation symbols, and theat least two modulation symbols include at least one zero modulationsymbol and at least one non-zero modulation symbol.

With reference to the second or the third possible implementation mannerof the fourth aspect, in a fourth possible implementation manner of thefourth aspect, the third information includes an index of the at leastone codebook-pilot set.

With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the fourthaspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect,the constellation-pilot combination meets the following condition: aquantity of unit time-frequency resources that are in a transmissionarea and that can be used to transmit data*a modulation order of amodulation constellation in a constellation-pilot combination>atransport block size determined for the transmission area.

With reference to any one of the second to the fourth possibleimplementation manners of the fourth aspect, in a sixth possibleimplementation manner of the fourth aspect, the codebook-pilotcombination meets the following condition: a quantity of unittime-frequency resources that are in a transmission area and that can beused to transmit data*a modulation order of a codebook in acodebook-pilot combination>a transport block size determined for thetransmission area.

With reference to any one of the fourth aspect or the first to the sixthpossible implementation manners of the fourth aspect, in a seventhpossible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the secondinformation includes information about a transport block size that isdetermined by the network device for each transmission area of the Mtransmission areas; or the second information includes information abouta coding rate that is determined by the network device for eachtransmission area of the M transmission areas, and the determining atransport block size of each transmission area of the N transmissionareas according to the second information includes: determining thetransport block size of each transmission area of the N transmissionareas according to a quantity of unit time-frequency resources that arein each transmission area of the N transmission areas and that can beused to transmit data, a modulation order, and the coding rate.

With reference to any one of the fourth aspect or the first to the sixthpossible implementation manners of the fourth aspect, in an eighthpossible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the secondinformation includes an index of the transport block size determined foreach transmission area of the M transmission areas; or the secondinformation includes an index of a coding rate determined for eachtransmission area of the M transmission areas.

With reference to any one of the fourth aspect or the first to theeighth possible implementation manners of the fourth aspect, in a ninthpossible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the firstinformation includes time domain information and frequency domaininformation of each transmission area of the M transmission areas.

With reference to any one of the fourth aspect or the first to the ninthpossible implementation manners of the fourth aspect, in a tenthpossible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the firstinformation includes a first bit string used to indicate a subframe of atime domain of each transmission area of the M transmission areas and asecond bit string used to indicate a resource block of a frequencydomain of each transmission area of the M transmission areas.

With reference to any one of the fourth aspect or the first to the tenthpossible implementation manners of the fourth aspect, in an eleventhpossible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the apparatus is aterminal device.

According to a fifth aspect, an uplink data transmission apparatus isprovided, including a processor, a memory, a bus system, and atransceiver, where the processor, the memory, and the transceiver areconnected by using the bus system, the memory is configured to store aninstruction, and the processor is configured to execute the instructionstored in the memory, so as to control the transceiver to send a signal.The processor is configured to: determine M transmission areas allocatedto a terminal device, and generate first information used to indicatethe M transmission areas, where M is a positive integer, and thetransmission area represents an air interface time-frequency resourcethat includes a time range and a frequency range that are specified by acommunications system; and determine, for each transmission area of theM transmission areas, second information used to indicate a transportblock size. The transceiver is configured to send an indication messageto the terminal device, so that the terminal device transmits uplinkdata according to the indication message, where the indication messageincludes the first information and the second information.

With reference to the fifth aspect, in a first possible implementationmanner of the fifth aspect, the processor is further configured to:determine at least one codebook-pilot set for each transmission area ofthe M transmission areas, and generate third information used toindicate the at least one codebook-pilot set, where the codebook-pilotset includes multiple codebooks, multiple pilot sequences, and acombination relationship between a codebook and a pilot sequence, andthe indication message sent by the transceiver further includes thethird information.

With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the fifthaspect, in a second possible implementation manner of the fifth aspect,the codebook includes two or more codewords, the codeword is amultidimensional complex vector and is used to represent a mappingrelationship between data and at least two modulation symbols, and theat least two modulation symbols include at least one zero modulationsymbol and at least one non-zero modulation symbol.

With reference to the fifth aspect or the first or the second possibleimplementation manner of the fifth aspect, in a third possibleimplementation manner of the fifth aspect, the third informationincludes an index of the at least one codebook-pilot set.

With reference to any one of the fifth aspect or the first to the thirdpossible implementation manners of the fifth aspect, in a fourthpossible implementation manner of the fifth aspect, the secondinformation includes information about a transport block size determinedfor each transmission area of the M transmission areas; or the secondinformation includes information about a coding rate determined for eachtransmission area of the M transmission areas, so that the terminaldevice determines a transport block size according to a quantity of unittime-frequency resources that are in a transmission area and that can beused to transmit data, a modulation order, and the coding rate.

With reference to any one of the fifth aspect or the first to the fourthpossible implementation manners of the fifth aspect, in a fifth possibleimplementation manner of the fifth aspect, the second informationincludes an index of the transport block size determined for eachtransmission area of the M transmission areas; or the second informationincludes an index of the coding rate determined for each transmissionarea of the M transmission areas.

With reference to any one of the fifth aspect or the first to the fifthpossible implementation manners of the fifth aspect, in a sixth possibleimplementation manner of the fifth aspect, the transceiver is furtherconfigured to: receive uplink data that is sent by the terminal deviceon N transmission areas according to transport block sizes of the Ntransmission areas, where N is a positive integer less than or equal toM. The processor is further configured to: decode the uplink data on theN transmission areas according to the transport block sizes of the Ntransmission areas.

With reference to any one of the fifth aspect or the first to the sixthpossible implementation manners of the fifth aspect, in a seventhpossible implementation manner of the fifth aspect, the firstinformation includes time domain information and frequency domaininformation of each transmission area of the M transmission areas.

With reference to any one of the fifth aspect or the first to theseventh possible implementation manners of the fifth aspect, in aneighth possible implementation manner of the fifth aspect, the firstinformation includes a first bit string used to indicate a subframe of atime domain of each transmission area of the M transmission areas and asecond bit string used to indicate a resource block of a frequencydomain of each transmission area of the M transmission areas.

With reference to any one of the fifth aspect or the first to the eighthpossible implementation manners of the fifth aspect, in a ninth possibleimplementation manner of the fifth aspect, the sending, by thetransceiver, an indication message to the terminal device includes:carrying the indication message on a broadcast channel, and sending, ina broadcast manner, the indication message to all or some of terminaldevices served by a network device; or carrying the indication messageon a dedicated control channel, and sending, in a unicast manner, theindication message to one specific terminal device or one specific groupof terminal devices served by the network device.

With reference to any one of the fifth aspect or the first to the ninthpossible implementation manners of the fifth aspect, in a tenth possibleimplementation manner of the fifth aspect, the apparatus is a networkdevice.

According to a sixth aspect, an uplink data transmission apparatus isprovided, including a processor, a memory, a bus system, and atransceiver, where the processor, the memory, and the transceiver areconnected by using the bus system, the memory is configured to store aninstruction, and the processor is configured to execute the instructionstored in the memory, so as to control the transceiver to send a signal.The transceiver is configured to: receive an indication message sent bya network device, where the indication message includes firstinformation and second information, the first information is used toindicate M transmission areas allocated by the network device, thesecond information is used to indicate a transport block size of eachtransmission area of the M transmission areas, M is a positive integer,and the transmission area represents an air interface time-frequencyresource that includes a time range and a frequency range that arespecified by a communications system. The processor is configured to:select N transmission areas from the M transmission areas according tothe first information, where N is a positive integer less than or equalto M; and determine a transport block size of each transmission area ofthe N transmission areas according to the second information. Thetransceiver is further configured to: send, on each transmission area ofthe N transmission areas, uplink data to the network device according tothe transport block size of each transmission area of the N transmissionareas.

With reference to the sixth aspect, in a first possible implementationmanner of the sixth aspect, the processor is further configured to:select one constellation-pilot combination from a presetconstellation-pilot set for each transmission area of the N transmissionareas, where the constellation-pilot set includes multipleconstellation-pilot combinations; and generate an uplink pilot signalaccording to a pilot sequence in the constellation-pilot combination;and the sending, by the transceiver on each transmission area of the Ntransmission areas, uplink data to the network device according to thetransport block size of each transmission area of the N transmissionareas includes: generating the uplink data on each transmission area ofthe N transmission areas according to a modulation constellation in theconstellation-pilot combination and according to the transport blocksize of each transmission area of the N transmission areas; and sendingthe uplink pilot and the uplink data to the network device on eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas.

With reference to the sixth aspect, in a second possible implementationmanner of the sixth aspect, the indication message further includesthird information, the third information is used to indicate at leastone codebook-pilot set that is determined by the network device for eachtransmission area of the M transmission areas, and the codebook-pilotset includes multiple codebooks, pilot sequences, and a combinationrelationship between a codebook and a pilot sequence; the processor isfurther configured to: determine at least one codebook-pilot set of eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas according to the thirdinformation; select one codebook-pilot combination from the at least onecodebook-pilot set for each transmission area of the N transmissionareas; and generate an uplink pilot signal according to a pilot sequencein the codebook-pilot combination. The sending, by the transceiver oneach transmission area of the N transmission areas, uplink data to thenetwork device according to the transport block size of eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas includes: generating theuplink data on each transmission area of the N transmission areasaccording to a codebook in the codebook-pilot combination and accordingto the transport block size of each transmission area of the Ntransmission areas; and sending the uplink pilot and the uplink data tothe network device on each transmission area of the N transmissionareas.

With reference to the second possible implementation manner of the sixthaspect, in a third possible implementation manner of the sixth aspect,the codebook includes two or more codewords, the codeword is amultidimensional complex vector and is used to represent a mappingrelationship between data and at least two modulation symbols, and theat least two modulation symbols include at least one zero modulationsymbol and at least one non-zero modulation symbol.

With reference to the second or the third possible implementation mannerof the sixth aspect, in a fourth possible implementation manner of thesixth aspect, the third information includes an index of the at leastone codebook-pilot set.

With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the sixthaspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner of the sixth aspect,the constellation-pilot combination meets the following condition: aquantity of unit time-frequency resources that are in a transmissionarea and that can be used to transmit data*a modulation order of amodulation constellation in a constellation-pilot combination>atransport block size determined for the transmission area.

With reference to any one of the second to the fourth possibleimplementation manners of the sixth aspect, in a sixth possibleimplementation manner of the sixth aspect, the codebook-pilotcombination meets the following condition: a quantity of unittime-frequency resources that are in a transmission area and that can beused to transmit data*a modulation order of a codebook in acodebook-pilot combination>a transport block size determined for thetransmission area.

With reference to any one of the sixth aspect or the first to the sixthpossible implementation manners of the sixth aspect, in a sixth possibleimplementation manner of the sixth aspect, the second informationincludes information about a transport block size that is determined bythe network device for each transmission area of the M transmissionareas; or the second information includes information about a codingrate that is determined by the network device for each transmission areaof the M transmission areas, and the determining, by the processor, atransport block size of each transmission area of the N transmissionareas according to the second information includes: determining thetransport block size of each transmission area of the N transmissionareas according to a quantity of unit time-frequency resources that arein each transmission area of the N transmission areas and that can beused to transmit data, a modulation order, and the coding rate.

With reference to any one of the sixth aspect or the first to the sixthpossible implementation manners of the sixth aspect, in an eighthpossible implementation manner of the sixth aspect, the secondinformation includes an index of the transport block size determined foreach transmission area of the M transmission areas; or the secondinformation includes an index of a coding rate determined for eachtransmission area of the M transmission areas.

With reference to any one of the sixth aspect or the first to the eighthpossible implementation manners of the sixth aspect, in a ninth possibleimplementation manner of the sixth aspect, the first informationincludes time domain information and frequency domain information ofeach transmission area of the M transmission areas.

With reference to any one of the sixth aspect or the first to the ninthpossible implementation manners of the sixth aspect, in a tenth possibleimplementation manner of the sixth aspect, the first informationincludes a first bit string used to indicate a subframe of a time domainof each transmission area of the M transmission areas and a second bitstring used to indicate a resource block of a frequency domain of eachtransmission area of the M transmission areas.

With reference to any one of the sixth aspect or the first to the tenthpossible implementation manners of the sixth aspect, in an eleventhpossible implementation manner of the sixth aspect, the apparatus is aterminal device.

Based on the foregoing technical solutions, for the uplink datatransmission method and apparatus provided in the embodiments of thepresent invention, a network device determines at least one transmissionarea, and related information about a transport block size is assignedto the transmission area, so that a terminal device transmits uplinkdata on the transmission area by using the corresponding transport blocksize. Therefore, a network device can decode uplink data on atransmission area according to a transport block size. In this way, aprocessing delay can be reduced.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

To describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the presentinvention more clearly, the following briefly describes the accompanyingdrawings required for describing the embodiments of the presentinvention. Apparently, the accompanying drawings in the followingdescription show merely some embodiments of the present invention, and aperson of ordinary skill in the art may still derive other drawings fromthese accompanying drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communications system applicable toan uplink data transmission method according to an embodiment of thepresent invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of an uplink data transmission methodaccording to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a transmission area according to anembodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of bit mapping processing of SCMAaccording to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of an uplink data transmission methodaccording to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of an uplink data transmission methodaccording to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of an uplink data transmission methodaccording to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of an uplink data transmissionapparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of an uplink data transmissionapparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram of an uplink data transmissionapparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention; and

FIG. 11 is a schematic block diagram of an uplink data transmissionapparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS

The following describes the technical solutions in the embodiments ofthe present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in theembodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the describedembodiments are a part rather than all of the embodiments of the presentinvention. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skillin the art based on the embodiments of the present invention withoutcreative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the presentinvention.

Terminologies such as “component”, “module”, and “system” used in thisspecification are used to represent computer-related entities, hardware,firmware, combinations of hardware and software, software, or softwarebeing executed. For example, a component may be, but is not limited to,a process that runs on a processor, a processor, an object, anexecutable file, a thread of execution, a program, and/or a computer. Asshown in figures, both a computing device and an application that runson a computing device may be components. One or more components mayreside within a process and/or a thread of execution, and a componentmay be located on one computer and/or distributed between two or morecomputers. In addition, these components may be executed from variouscomputer-readable media that store various data structures. For example,the components may communicate by using a local and/or remote processand according to, for example, a signal having one or more data packets(for example, data from one component interacting with another componentin a local system, a distributed system, and/or across a network such asthe Internet interacting with other systems by using the signal).

The embodiments of the present invention are described by using aterminal device. The terminal device may also be referred to as userequipment (UE), an access terminal, a user unit, a user station, amobile site, a mobile station, a remote station, a remote terminal, amobile device, a user terminal, a terminal, a wireless communicationsdevice, a user agent, or a user apparatus. The access terminal may be acellular phone, a cordless phone, a SIP (Session Initiation Protocol)phone, a WLL (Wireless Local Loop) station, a PDA (Personal DigitalAssistant), a handheld device having a wireless communications function,a computing device, another processing device connected to a wirelessmodem, an in-vehicle device, a wearable device, or a terminal device ina future 5G network.

In addition, the embodiments of the present invention are described byusing a network device. The network device may be a base station oranother device that is configured to communicate with a mobile device.The base station may be a BTS (Base Transceiver Station) in GSM (GlobalSystem for Mobile Communications) or CDMA (Code Division MultipleAccess), or may be an NB (NodeB) in WCDMA (Wideband Code DivisionMultiple Access), or may be an eNB or eNodeB (Evolved Node B) in LTE(Long Term Evolution), or a relay station or an access point, or anin-vehicle device, a wearable device, or a network device in a future 5Gnetwork.

In addition, aspects or features of the present invention may beimplemented as a method, an apparatus or a product that uses standardprogramming and/or engineering technologies. The term “product” used inthis application covers a computer program that can be accessed from anycomputer readable component, carrier or medium. For example, thecomputer-readable medium may include but is not limited to: a magneticstorage component (for example, a hard disk, a floppy disk or a magnetictape), an optical disc (for example, a CD (Compact Disk, compact disk),a DVD (Digital Versatile Disk), a smart card and a flash memorycomponent (for example, EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory),a card, a stick, or a key drive). In addition, various storage mediadescribed in this specification may represent one or more devices and/orother machine-readable media that is used to store information. The term“machine readable media” may include but is not limited to a radiochannel, and various other media that can store, contain and/or carry aninstruction and/or data.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communications system 100 applicableto an uplink data transmission method according to an embodiment of thepresent invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the communications system 100includes a network device 102. The network device 102 may includemultiple antenna groups. Each antenna group may include multipleantennas. For example, one antenna group may include antennas 104 and106, another antenna group may include antennas 108 and no, and anadditional group may include antennas 112 and 114. In FIG. 1, twoantennas are shown in each antenna group. However, in each group, moreor fewer antennas can be used. The network device 102 may additionallyinclude a transmitter chain and a receiver chain, and a person ofordinary skill in the art may understand that both the transmitter chainand the receiver chain may include multiple components (for example, aprocessor, a modulator, a multiplexer, a demodulator, a demultiplexer,and an antenna) related to signal sending and receiving.

The network device 102 may communicate with multiple terminal devices(for example, a terminal device 116 and a terminal device 122). However,it may be understood that the network device 102 may communicate withany quantity of terminal devices similar to the terminal device 116 or122. The terminal devices 116 and 122 may be, for example, a cellularphone, a smartphone, a portable computer, a handheld communicationsdevice, a handheld computing device, a satellite radio apparatus, aglobal positioning system, a PDA, and/or any other suitable devicesconfigured to perform communication on the wireless communicationssystem 100.

As shown in FIG. 1, the terminal device 116 communicates with theantennas 112 and 114, where the antennas 112 and 114 send information tothe terminal device 116 by using a forward link 118, and receiveinformation from the terminal device 116 by using a reverse link 120. Inaddition, the terminal device 122 communicates with the antennas 104 and106, where the antennas 104 and 106 send information to the terminaldevice 122 by using a forward link 124, and receive information from theterminal device 122 by using a reverse link 126.

For example, in a frequency division duplex (FDD) system, the forwardlink 118 may use a frequency band different from that used by thereverse link 120, and the forward link 124 may use a frequency banddifferent from that used by the reverse link 126.

For another example, in a time division duplex (TDD) system and a fullduplex system, the forward link 118 and the reverse link 120 may use acommon frequency band, and the forward link 124 and the reverse link 126may use a common frequency band.

Each group of antennas or an area or both that are designed to performcommunication are referred to as a sector of the network device 102. Forexample, the antenna group may be designed to communicate with aterminal device in a sector of coverage of the network device 102. In aprocess that the network device 102 respectively communicates with theterminal devices 116 and 122 by using the forward links 118 and 124, atransmit antenna of the network device 102 may improve signal-to-noiseratios of the forward links 118 and 124 by means of beamforming. Inaddition, compared with a manner in which a network device sends signalsto all terminal devices of the network device by using a single antenna,when the network device 102 sends, by means of beamforming, signals tothe terminal devices 116 and 122 that are randomly scattered in relatedcoverage, relatively little interference is caused to a mobile device ina neighboring cell.

Within a given time, the network device 102, the terminal device 116, orthe terminal device 122 may be a wireless communications sendingapparatus and/or a wireless communications receiving apparatus. Whensending data, the wireless communications sending apparatus may encodedata so as to transmit the encoded data. Specifically, the wirelesscommunications sending apparatus may obtain (for example, generate,receive from another communications apparatus, or save in a memory) aparticular quantity of data bits that need to be sent to the wirelesscommunications receiving apparatus through a channel. Such data bits maybe included in a transport block (or multiple transport blocks) of data,and the transport block may be segmented to generate multiple codeblocks.

FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of an uplink data transmission method200 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown inFIG. 2, the method 200 may be executed by a network device, for example,a base station. The method 200 includes:

S201: Determine M transmission areas allocated to a terminal device, andgenerate first information used to indicate the M transmission areas,where M is a positive integer, and the transmission area represents anair interface time-frequency resource that includes a time range and afrequency range that are specified by a communications system.

S202: Determine, for each transmission area of the M transmission areas,second information used to indicate a transport block size.

S203: Send an indication message to the terminal device, so that theterminal device transmits uplink data according to the indicationmessage, where the indication message includes the first information andthe second information.

Therefore, in the uplink data transmission method provided in thisembodiment of the present invention, at least one transmission area isdetermined, and related information about a transport block size isassigned to the transmission area, so that a terminal device transmitsuplink data on the transmission area by using the correspondingtransport block size. Therefore, uplink data can be decoded on atransmission area according to a transport block size. In this way, aprocessing delay can be reduced.

First, the “transmission area” mentioned in this embodiment of thepresent invention is described. The transmission area in this embodimentof the present invention may represent an air interface time-frequencyresource that includes a time range and a frequency range that arespecified by a communications system. The air interface time-frequencyresource may be not granted to only a specific terminal device, butinstead, a nonspecific terminal device may be allowed to performnon-grant-mode uplink data transmission on the air interfacetime-frequency resource. In the non-grant-mode uplink data transmissionmethod, a terminal device may directly use a specific time-frequencyresource to send uplink data without needing to undergo a process fromservice requesting to uplink granting by a network device. Certainly, aperson skilled in the art may understand that the “transmission area”may be referred to as another name. As shown in FIG. 3, in a samecommunications system, there may be multiple transmission areas, and anytwo different transmission areas may overlap in a time range, or mayoverlap in a frequency range, but cannot overlap in both a time rangeand a frequency range. That is, any two different transmission areascannot overlap in an area formed of two-dimensional coordinate space.

In addition, the “data” in this embodiment of the present invention mayrefer to a signal transmitted through an air interface, a symbolgenerated after constellation modulation is performed, a symbolgenerated after codebook modulation is performed, a bit stream, or asignal in another form. For brevity, the foregoing signals and symbolsin this embodiment of the present invention are collectively referred toas data.

Specifically, the determining transmission areas that are allocated by anetwork device to a terminal device in S201 may refer to determining atime resource and a frequency resource of a transmission area that canbe used by the terminal device, and a quantity of transmission areasthat can be used by the terminal device is M. Optionally, in anembodiment, the first information generated by the network deviceincludes time domain information and frequency domain information ofeach transmission area of the M transmission areas. That is, the firstinformation used to indicate the M transmission areas may be generatedaccording to time resources and frequency resources of the Mtransmission areas allocated by the network device to the terminaldevice. The first information may be a time resource and a frequencyresource, or may be, for example, a sequence number/an identifier/anindex that indicates a time resource and a frequency resource. Thenetwork device may determine one transmission area for the terminaldevice, or may determine multiple transmission areas for the terminaldevice, and a quantity of determined transmission areas is not limitedin this embodiment of the present invention.

The determining, for each transmission area of the M transmission areas,second information used to indicate a transport block size in S202 mayinclude assigning, to each transmission area, a transport block size ora coding rate used to calculate a transport block size. That is, eachtransmission area is bound to the assigned transport block size or theassigned coding rate used to calculate a transport block size. When theterminal device and the network device respectively send and receiveuplink data on a transmission area, the terminal device and the networkdevice use the transport block size or coding rate assigned to thetransmission area. Generally, the network device may assign, to eachtransmission area, a transport block size or one coding rate used tocalculate a transport block size, or may assign, to each transmissionarea, multiple transport block sizes or multiple coding rates used tocalculate transport block sizes. Transport block sizes or coding rates,used to calculate transport block sizes, assigned by the base station todifferent transmission areas may be the same or different. This is notlimited in this embodiment of the present invention. The secondinformation may be a transport block size or a coding rate, or may be asequence number/an identifier/an index indicating a transport block sizeor a coding rate. This is not limited in this embodiment of the presentinvention.

In S203, the network device sends an indication message that includesthe first information and the second information to the terminal device.That is, the network device informs the terminal device of the Mtransmission areas allocated to the terminal device and the secondinformation related to the transport block size of each transmissionarea of the M transmission areas, so that the terminal device transmitsuplink data according to the indication message. Specifically, theterminal device may select N transmission areas from the M transmissionareas, and transmit uplink data on each transmission area of the Ntransmission areas according to a transport block size corresponding toeach transmission area of the N transmission areas.

Therefore, in the uplink data transmission method provided in thisembodiment of the present invention, at least one transmission area isdetermined, and related information about a transport block size isassigned to the transmission area, so that a terminal device transmitsuplink data on the transmission area by using the correspondingtransport block size. Therefore, uplink data can be decoded on atransmission area according to a transport block size. In this way, aprocessing delay can be reduced.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the second information includesinformation about a transport block size determined for eachtransmission area of the M transmission areas; or the second informationincludes information about a coding rate determined for eachtransmission area of the M transmission areas, so that the terminaldevice determines a transport block size according to a quantity of unittime-frequency resources that are in a transmission area and that can beused to transmit data, a modulation order, and the coding rate.

Specifically, the network device may inform, in a form of explicitindication, the terminal device of the transport block size determinedfor each transmission area. For example, the network device directlysends information about the transport block size to the terminal device.The network device may further inform, in a form of implicit indication,the terminal device of the transport block size determined for eachtransmission area. For example, the network device sends informationabout a coding rate to the terminal device. The terminal device maycalculate the transport block size according to the coding rate. Forexample, the terminal device may determine the transport block sizeaccording to a quantity of unit time-frequency resources that are in atransmission area and that can be used to transmit data, a modulationorder, and a coding rate. The quantity of unit time-frequency resourcesthat are used to transmit data and the modulation order may be preset inthe communications system and configured on the network device and theterminal device, or may be notified by the network device to theterminal device, or may be obtained by the terminal device by usinganother device, and this is not limited in this embodiment of thepresent invention. A specific calculation manner may be as follows:

The transport block size=the quantity of unit time-frequency resourcesthat are in a transmission area and that can be used to transmitdata*the modulation order*the coding rate/a total quantity of elementsin a codeword (applicable to a system in which codebook modulation isused); or the transport block size=the quantity of unit time-frequencyresources that are in a transmission area and that can be used totransmit data*the modulation order*the coding rate (applicable to asystem in which constellation modulation is used). The unittime-frequency resource refers to a minimum time-frequency resource usedto transmit one modulation symbol, and is, for example, a resourceelement (RE) in an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)system. The modulation order may be obtained according to a quantity ofcodewords included in a codebook, or obtained according to a quantity ofconstellation points included in a modulation constellation. Thequantity of unit time-frequency resources that are in a transmissionarea and that can be used to transmit data is obtained by subtracting,from a quantity of all unit time-frequency resources included in thetransmission area, a quantity of unit time-frequency resources that arein the transmission area and that are used to send signals (for example,a pilot and hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) information) otherthan the data.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the sending an indication message to theterminal device in S203 includes: carrying the indication message on abroadcast channel, and sending, in a broadcast manner, the indicationmessage to all or some of terminal devices served by the network device;or carrying the indication message on a dedicated control channel, andsending, in a unicast manner, the indication message to one specificterminal device or one specific group of terminal devices served by thenetwork device.

Specifically, manners for carrying and delivering the indication messagethat is sent by the network device to the terminal device may be, butare not limited to, the following several manners.

For example, an indication message is delivered in a broadcast channelcarrying manner. For example, an indication message is carried in systeminformation (SI) by using a broadcast channel (BCH) in an LTE system,and the indication message is sent in a broadcast manner to all or someof the terminal devices served by the network device.

For another example, an indication message is delivered in a dedicatedcontrol channel carrying manner. For example, an indication message iscarried in a radio resource control reconfiguration (RRCR) message byusing a dedicated control channel (DCCH) in an LTE system, and theindication message is sent in a unicast manner to one specific terminaldevice or one specific group of terminal devices served by the networkdevice.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the method in this embodiment of thepresent invention may be applicable to a non-orthogonal multiple accesstechnology, for example, an SCMA technology. When the method 200 isapplicable to the non-orthogonal multiple access technology, the method200 further includes: determining at least one codebook-pilot set foreach transmission area of the M transmission areas, and generating thirdinformation used to indicate the at least one codebook-pilot set, wherethe indication message further includes the third information, and thecodebook-pilot set includes multiple codebooks, multiple pilotsequences, and a combination relationship between a codebook and a pilotsequence.

Before this embodiment is described in detail, the SCMA and thecodebook-pilot set that is involved in this embodiment are firstdescribed in detail.

The SCMA is a non-orthogonal multiple access technology. In thetechnology, multiple different data streams are transmitted on a sameresource unit by using a codebook (that is, a same resource unit isreused for multiple different data streams), where different codebooksare used for different data streams, thereby achieving an objective ofimproving resource utilization. Data streams may come from same userequipment or may come from different user equipments.

A codebook used in the SCMA is a set of two or more codewords.

The codeword may be represented as a multidimensional complex vector.The multidimensional complex vector has two or more dimensions, and isused to represent a mapping relationship between data and two or moremodulation symbols. The modulation symbol includes at least one zeromodulation symbol and at least one non-zero modulation symbol, and thedata may be binary bit data or m-ary data.

The codebook includes two or more codewords, where the codewords may bedifferent from each other. The codebook may represent a mappingrelationship between a possible data combination of data having aparticular length and a codeword in a codebook.

In the SCMA technology, data in a data stream is directly mapped to acodeword, that is, a multidimensional complex vector, in a codebookaccording to a particular mapping relationship, so as to implementspreading the data onto multiple resource units. The data here may bebinary bit data or may be m-ary data. The multiple resource units may beresource units in a time domain, a frequency domain, a space domain, atime-frequency domain, a time-space domain, and a time-frequency-spacedomain.

A feature sequence in the specification corresponds to a codebook, andincludes a zero element and a 1 element. The zero element representsthat elements, in corresponding locations of zero elements, of acodeword in a corresponding codebook are all zero. The 1 elementrepresents that elements, in corresponding locations of 1 elements, of acodeword in a corresponding codebook are not all zero or none of theelements are zero. Two or more feature sequences form a feature matrix.It should be understood that the SCMA is only a name, and in theindustry, another name may also be used to represent the technology.

A codeword used in the SCMA may have particular sparsity. For example,in the codeword, a quantity of zero elements may be not less than aquantity of non-zero elements, so that a receive end can use amulti-user detection technology to perform decoding of relatively lowcomplexity. Herein, the above mentioned relationship between a quantityof zero elements and a modulation symbol is only description of anexample of sparsity, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Aratio of a quantity of zero elements to a quantity of non-zero elementsmay be arbitrarily set according to a requirement.

The SCMA system can be used as an example of the foregoingcommunications system 100. In the system 100, multiple users reuse asame time-frequency resource block to perform data transmission. Eachresource block includes several resource elements (REs). The RE hereinmay be a subcarrier-symbol unit in an OFDM technology, or may be aresource unit in a time domain or a frequency domain in another airinterface technology. For example, in an SCMA system that includes Lterminal devices, available resources are divided into severalorthogonal time-frequency resource blocks. Each resource block includesU REs, where the U REs may be at a same location in a time domain. Whena terminal device #L sends data, the data to be sent is first dividedinto data blocks of an S-bit size. A codebook (the codebook isdetermined and delivered by the network device to the terminal device)is searched to map each data block to a modulation symbol sequenceX#L={X#L₁, X#L₂, . . . , X#L_(U)} that includes U modulation symbols.Each modulation symbol in the sequence corresponds to one RE in aresource block. A signal waveform is then generated according to themodulation symbols. For a data block of an S-bit size, each codebookincludes 2S different modulation symbol groups, and the 2S differentmodulation symbol groups correspond to 2S possible data blocks.

The foregoing codebook may also be referred to as an SCMA codebook, andis an SCMA codeword set. An SCMA codeword is a mapping relationship froman information bit to a modulation symbol. That is, the SCMA codebook isa set of the foregoing mapping relationships.

In addition, in the SCMA, in a group of modulation symbols X#k={X#k₁,X#k₂, . . . , X#k_(L)} corresponding to each terminal device, at leastone symbol is a zero symbol, and at least one symbol is a non-zerosymbol. That is, for data of one terminal device, only some REs (atleast one RE) of L REs carry the data of the terminal device.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of bit mapping processing (or encodingprocessing) of SCMA in an example in which four resource units arereused for six data streams. The schematic diagram is a bipartite graph.As shown in FIG. 4, the six data streams form one group, and the fourresource units form one encoding unit. One resource unit may be onesubcarrier, or one RE, or one antenna port.

In FIG. 4, a connecting line between a data stream and a resource unitrepresents that at least one data combination of the data stream exists,and after codeword mapping is performed on the data combination, anon-zero modulation symbol is sent on the resource unit. When noconnecting line exists between a data stream and a resource unit, itrepresents that after codeword mapping is performed on all possible datacombinations of the data stream, modulation symbols sent on the resourceunit are all zero. A data combination of a data stream may be understoodaccording to the following description. For example, in a binary bitdata stream, 00, 01, 10, and 11 are all possible two-bit datacombinations.

For ease of description, s1 to s6 are used to sequentially representto-be-sent data combinations of the six data streams in FIG. 4, and x1to x4 are used to sequentially represent symbols sent on the fourresource units in FIG. 4. A connecting line between a data stream and aresource unit represents that after data of the data stream is spread, amodulation symbol is sent on the resource unit, where the modulationsymbol may be a zero modulation symbol (corresponding to a zeroelement), or may be a non-zero modulation symbol (corresponding to anon-zero element). When no connecting line exists between a data streamand a resource unit, it represents that after the data of the datastream is spread, a modulation symbol is not sent on the resource unit.

As can be seen from FIG. 4, after codeword mapping is performed on dataof each data stream, modulation symbols are sent on two or more resourceunits. Meanwhile, a symbol sent on each resource unit is overlay ofmodulation symbols obtained after codeword mapping is performed on datafrom two or more data streams. For example, after codeword mapping isperformed on a to-be-sent data combination s3 of a data stream 3,non-zero modulation symbols may be sent on a resource unit 1 and aresource unit 2. Data x3 sent on a resource unit 3 is overlay ofnon-zero modulation symbols obtained after codeword mapping isseparately performed on to-be-sent data combinations s2, s4, and s6 of adata stream 2, a data stream 4, and a data stream 6. Because a quantityof data streams may be greater than a quantity of resource units, theSCMA system may effectively improve a network capacity, including aquantity of users that can access the system, spectral efficiency of thesystem, and the like.

With reference to the foregoing description of a codebook and FIG. 4, acodeword in a codebook usually has the following form:

$\begin{pmatrix}c_{1,q} \\c_{2,q} \\\vdots \\c_{N,q}\end{pmatrix},$andthe corresponding codebook usually has the following form:

$\left\{ {\begin{pmatrix}c_{1,1} \\c_{2,1} \\\vdots \\c_{N,1}\end{pmatrix},\begin{pmatrix}c_{1,2} \\c_{2,2} \\\vdots \\c_{N,2}\end{pmatrix},\ldots\mspace{11mu},\begin{pmatrix}c_{1,Q_{m}} \\c_{2,Q_{m}} \\\vdots \\c_{N,Q_{m}}\end{pmatrix}} \right\},$whereN is a positive integer greater than 1, and may represent a quantity ofresource units included in one encoding unit, or may be understood as alength of a codeword; Q_(m) is a positive integer greater than 1,represents a quantity of codewords included in a codebook, andcorresponds to a modulation order. For example, during sampling ofquadrature phase shift keying (QPSK, Quadrature Phase Shift Keying) or4^(th)-order modulation, Q_(m) is 4; q is a positive integer, and1≤q≤Q_(m); an element c_(n,q) included in a codebook and a codeword is acomplex number, and c_(n,q) may be mathematically represented as:c _(n,q)∈{0,α*exp(j*β)},1≤n≤N,1≤q≤Q _(m), where

α and β may be any real numbers, and N and Q_(m) may be positiveintegers.

A particular mapping relationship may be formed between a codeword in acodebook and data. For example, the following mapping relationship maybe formed between a codeword in a codebook and a two-bit datacombination of a binary data stream.

For example, “00” may correspond to a codeword 1, that is,

$\begin{pmatrix}c_{1,1} \\c_{2,1} \\\vdots \\c_{N,1}\end{pmatrix},$

“01” may correspond to a codeword 2, that is,

$\begin{pmatrix}c_{1,2} \\c_{2,2} \\\vdots \\c_{N,2}\end{pmatrix},$

“10” may correspond to a codeword 3, that is,

$\begin{pmatrix}c_{1,3} \\c_{2,3} \\\vdots \\c_{N,3}\end{pmatrix},$and

“11” may correspond to a codeword 4, that is,

$\begin{pmatrix}c_{1,4} \\c_{2,4} \\\vdots \\c_{N,4}\end{pmatrix}.$

With reference to the foregoing FIG. 4, when a connecting line existsbetween a data stream and a resource unit, a codebook corresponding tothe data stream and a codeword in the codebook should have the followingcharacteristics: For at least one codeword in the codebook, a non-zeromodulation symbol is sent on the corresponding resource unit. Forexample, a connecting line exists between the data stream 3 and theresource unit 1, and at least one codeword in a codebook correspondingto the data stream 3 meets c_(1,q) ≠0, where 1≤q≤Q_(m).

When no connecting line exists between a data stream and a resourceunit, a codebook corresponding to the data stream and a codeword in thecodebook should have the following characteristics: For all codewords inthe codebook, zero modulation symbols are sent on the correspondingresource unit. For example, no connecting line exists between the datastream 3 and the resource unit 3, and any codeword in a codebookcorresponding to the data stream 3 meets C_(3,q)=0, where 1≤q≤Q_(m).

In conclusion, when a modulation order is QPSK, the codebookcorresponding to the data stream 3 in the foregoing FIG. 4 may have thefollowing form and characteristics:

$\left\{ {\begin{pmatrix}c_{1,1} \\c_{2,1} \\0 \\0\end{pmatrix},\begin{pmatrix}c_{1,2} \\c_{2,2} \\0 \\0\end{pmatrix},\begin{pmatrix}c_{1,3} \\c_{2,3} \\0 \\0\end{pmatrix},\begin{pmatrix}c_{1,4} \\c_{2,4} \\0 \\0\end{pmatrix}} \right\},$whereC_(n,q)=α*exp (j*β), 1≤n≤2,1≤q≤4, and α and β may be any real number.For any q, 1≤q≤4. c_(1,q) and c_(2,q) are not all zero at the same time.At least one group of q₁ and q₂ meets c_(1,q) ₁ ≠0 and c_(2,q) ₂ ≠0,where 1≤q₁, and q₂≤4.

For example, if the data s3 of the data stream 3 is “10”, according tothe foregoing mapping rule, the data combination is mapped to acodeword, that is, a four-dimensional complex vector:

$\begin{pmatrix}c_{1,3} \\c_{2,3} \\0 \\0\end{pmatrix}.$

Further, in the SCMA system, the bipartite graph may also be representedby using a feature matrix. The feature matrix may have the followingform:

$\begin{pmatrix}r_{1,1} & r_{1,2} & \ldots & r_{1,M} \\r_{2,1} & r_{2,2} & \ldots & r_{2,M} \\\vdots & \vdots & \ldots & \vdots \\r_{N,1} & r_{N,2} & \ldots & r_{N,M}\end{pmatrix}_{N \times M},$where

r_(n,m) represents an element in the feature matrix, m and n are naturalnumbers, where 1≤n≤N, 1≤m≤M, N rows separately represent N resourceunits in one encoding unit, and M columns separately represent aquantity of reused data streams. Although the feature matrix may beexpressed in a universal form, the feature matrix may have the followingfeature.

(1) An element in the feature matrix r_(n,m)∈{0,1}, 1≤n≤N, 1≤m≤M, andr_(n,m)=1 may represent that as explained by using a correspondingbipartite graph, a connecting line exists between an m^(th) data streamand a resource unit n, or it may be understood that a non-zeromodulation symbol is obtained after codeword mapping is performed on atleast one data combination of the m^(th) data stream; r_(n,m)=0 mayrepresent that as explained by using a corresponding bipartite graph, noconnecting line exists between the m^(th) data stream and the resourceunit n, or it may be understood that only zero modulation symbols areobtained after codeword mapping are performed on all possible datacombinations of the m^(th) data stream.

2) Further optionally, in the feature matrix, a quantity of 0 elementsmay be not less than a quantity of 1 elements, so that a characteristicof sparse encoding is reflected.

Meanwhile, a column in the feature matrix may be referred to as afeature sequence. The feature sequence may have the following expressionform:

$\begin{pmatrix}r_{1,m} \\r_{2,m} \\\vdots \\r_{N,m}\end{pmatrix},{1 \leq m \leq {M.}}$

Therefore, the feature matrix may also be regarded as a matrix formed ofa series of feature sequences.

With reference to the feature description of the foregoing featurematrix, for the example shown in FIG. 4, a corresponding feature matrixmay be represented as:

$\begin{pmatrix}0 & 1 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 & 1 \\0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 \\1 & 0 & 0 & 1 & 1 & 0\end{pmatrix}.$

A feature sequence corresponding to the codebook

$\left\{ {\begin{pmatrix}c_{1,1} \\c_{2,1} \\0 \\0\end{pmatrix},\begin{pmatrix}c_{1,2} \\c_{2,2} \\0 \\0\end{pmatrix},\begin{pmatrix}c_{1,3} \\c_{2,3} \\0 \\0\end{pmatrix},\begin{pmatrix}c_{1,4} \\c_{2,4} \\0 \\0\end{pmatrix}} \right\}$used for the data stream 3 in FIG. 4 may be represented as:

$\begin{pmatrix}1 \\1 \\0 \\0\end{pmatrix}.$

Therefore, as can be considered, a correspondence between a codebook anda feature sequence is a one-to-one relationship, that is, one codebookuniquely corresponds to one feature sequence. A correspondence between afeature sequence and a codebook may be a one-to-multiple relationship,that is, one feature sequence corresponds to one or more codebooks.Therefore, the feature sequence may be understood as: A feature sequencecorresponds to a codebook, and includes a zero element and a 1 element.A location of the zero element represents that elements, atcorresponding locations of zero elements, of the codeword in thecorresponding codebook are all zero. The 1 element represents thatelements, at corresponding locations of 1 elements, of the codeword inthe corresponding codebook are not all zero or none of the elements arezero. The correspondence between a feature sequence and a codebook maybe determined by using the following two conditions.

(1) A codeword in a codebook and a corresponding feature sequence have asame total quantity of elements.

(2) For a location of any element whose value is 1 in a featuresequence, at least one codeword can be found in a correspondingcodebook, so that an element, at the same location, of the codeword isnot zero. For a location of any element whose value is zero in a featuresequence, elements, at the same location, of all codewords in acorresponding codebook are zero.

It should be further understood that in the SCMA system, a codebook maybe directly represented and stored. For example, the foregoing codebookor each codeword in the codebook is stored, or only an element at alocation whose corresponding feature sequence element is 1 in a codewordis stored. Therefore, during application of the present invention, itneeds to be assumed that in the SCMA system, both a base station anduser equipment may store some or all of the following content that isdesigned in advance.

(1) One or more SCMA feature matrices:

$\begin{pmatrix}r_{1,1} & r_{1,2} & \ldots & r_{1,M} \\r_{2,1} & r_{2,2} & \ldots & r_{2,M} \\\vdots & \vdots & \ldots & \vdots \\r_{N,1} & r_{N,2} & \ldots & r_{N,M}\end{pmatrix}_{N \times M},$where

r_(n,m)∈ {0,1}, 1≤n≤N, 1≤m≤M, and M and N are both integers greater than1, where M represents a quantity of reused data streams, N is a positiveinteger greater than 1, and may represent a quantity of resource unitsincluded in one encoding unit, or may be understood to represent alength of a codeword.

(2) One or more SCMA feature sequences:

$\begin{pmatrix}r_{1,m} \\r_{2,m} \\\vdots \\r_{N,m}\end{pmatrix},$where

Q_(m)≥2, Q_(m) may be a modulation order corresponding to the codebook,and each codebook may correspond to one modulation order, where N is apositive integer greater than 1, and may represent a quantity ofresource units included in one encoding unit, or may be understood torepresent a length of a codeword.

(3) One or more SCMA codebooks:

$\left\{ {\begin{pmatrix}c_{1,1} \\c_{2,1} \\\vdots \\c_{N,1}\end{pmatrix},\begin{pmatrix}c_{1,2} \\c_{2,2} \\\vdots \\c_{N,2}\end{pmatrix},\ldots\mspace{11mu},\begin{pmatrix}c_{1,Q_{m}} \\c_{2,Q_{m}} \\\vdots \\c_{N,Q_{m}}\end{pmatrix}} \right\},$where

Q_(m)≥2, Q_(m) may be a modulation order corresponding to the codebook,and each codebook may correspond to one modulation order, where N is apositive integer greater than 1, and may represent a quantity ofresource units included in one encoding unit, or may be understood torepresent a length of a codeword.

It should be understood that the SCMA system discussed above is only anexample of a communications system applicable to the data transmissionmethod and apparatus of the present invention, and the present inventionis not limited thereto. Any other communications system that can enablea terminal device to reuse a same time-frequency resource within a sameperiod of time to perform data transmission falls within the protectionscope of the present invention.

A codebook in an SCMA system is used as an example below to describe acodebook-pilot set in detail. That is, a codebook is a sparse codemultiple access SCMA codebook. The codebook includes two or morecodewords, the codeword is a multidimensional complex vector and is usedto represent a mapping relationship between data and at least twomodulation symbols, and the at least two modulation symbols include atleast one zero modulation symbol and at least one non-zero modulationsymbol.

The codebook-pilot set includes multiple SCMA codebooks, multiple pilotsequences, and a combination relationship between a codebook and apilot. The combination relationship between a codebook and a pilotsequence is a combination formed of each pilot sequence in thecodebook-pilot set and one or more codebooks in the codebook-pilot set.

The pilot sequence and the SCMA codebook are an uplink pilot sequenceand an SCMA codebook that are used to allow a terminal to send uplinkdata based on a non-grant mode, pilot sequences in a same codebook-pilotset are different from each other, and codewords of different codebooksthat belong to a same codebook-pilot set have a same quantity ofelements (including a zero element and a non-zero element). Each pilotsequence in the codebook-pilot set is combined with one or more SCMAcodebooks in the codebook-pilot set to form a specific combination of acodebook and a pilot.

In this embodiment of the present invention, when a terminal deviceselects a combination of a codebook and a pilot in a codebook-pilot set,the terminal device generates and sends an uplink pilot signal by usinga pilot sequence corresponding to the combination, and modulates one ormore data streams of a user by using one or more SCMA codebookscorresponding to the combination, where each data stream corresponds toone SCMA codebook, and uplink SCMA data is generated and sent.

An example of a possible combination relationship between a codebook anda pilot in a codebook-pilot set is provided below. As shown in Table 1,it is assumed that a codebook-pilot set has L (L is an integer greaterthan 1) pilot sequences in total, which are separately denoted as P₁,P₂, . . . , and P_(L), and has

$K = {\sum\limits_{i = 1}^{L}\;{Ki}}$SCMA codebooks in total, which are denoted as C_(i,j), where Ki is aninteger greater than or equal to 1, 1≤i≤L, and 1≤j≤Ki. Generally, forany 1≤i≤L, when 1≤j₁≠j₂≤K_(i), C_(i,j) ₁ , is different from C_(i,j) ₂ ;and for any 1≤i₁≠i₂≤L, where 1≤j₁≤K_(i), and 1≤j₂≤K₂, C_(i,j) ₁ andC_(i) ₂ _(,j) ₂ may be the same or may be different.

TABLE 1 Combination relationship between a codebook and a pilot in acodebook-pilot set Sequence number {pilot, {codebook}} 1 {P₁, {C_(1,1),C_(1,2), . . . , C_(1,K) ₁ }} 2 {P₂, {C_(2,1), C_(2,2), . . . , C_(2,K)₂ }} . . . L {P_(L), {C_(L,1), C_(L,2), . . . , C_(L,K) _(L) }}

The codebook-pilot set may be predefined and stored on a network deviceand a terminal device. One or more codebook-pilot sets may be stored onthe network device and the terminal device. Generally, codewords incodebooks that belong to different codebook-pilot sets have differentquantities of elements (including a zero element and a non-zeroelement).

In this embodiment of the present invention, that the network devicedetermines a codebook-pilot set for each transmission area of the Mtransmission areas refers to binding each transmission area to anassigned codebook-pilot set. When the network device and the terminaldevice respectively send and receive uplink data on a transmission area,a codebook and a pilot in a codebook-pilot set assigned to thetransmission area are used. Generally, the network device may assign onecodebook-pilot set to each transmission area, or may assign multiplecodebook-pilot sets to each transmission area. The network device mayassign a same codebook-pilot set or different codebook-pilot sets fordifferent transmission areas. That is, the network device may determineat least one codebook-pilot set for each transmission area, and generatethird information used to indicate the at least one codebook-pilot set.

It should be understood, this embodiment of the present invention isapplicable to a system that uses a codebook to perform modulation, andthe system is, for example, an SCMA system or a low density signature(LDS) system. The third information used to indicate a codebook-pilotset may be information that directly indicates a combination of acodebook and a pilot (applicable to the SCMA system), or may beinformation that indicates a combination of a modulation constellation,a signature sequence, and a pilot, so that a codebook is determined byusing the modulation constellation and the signature sequence, so as tofurther indicate a combination of the codebook and the pilot (applicableto the LDS system). This is not limited in this embodiment of thepresent invention.

It should be further understood that the third information may includecontent similar to that of the codebook-pilot set shown in Table 1. In amore common processing method, multiple codebook-pilot sets similar tothe codebook-pilot set shown in Table 1 are stored on both the networkdevice and the terminal device, and only an index used to indicate acodebook-pilot set is transmitted in the third information. The indexmay also be a sequence number or an identifier, which is used toindicate a codebook-pilot set. Preferably, the third informationincludes an index of at least one codebook-pilot set. For example, thecodebook-pilot sets are indexed, an index, which is determined by thenetwork device, of at least one codebook-pilot set is used as the thirdinformation, and the third information is sent to the terminal device bysending an indication message.

In this embodiment of the present invention, that the network devicesends, to the terminal device, an indication message corresponding to atransmission area may be implemented in the following manner, but thepresent invention is not limited thereto. A form of the indicationmessage is:

GrantFreeTransAreaList:: = SEQUENCE (SIZE (1..maxGrantFreeTransArea)) OFGrantFreeTransAreaInfo    GrantFreeTransAreaInfo:: = SEQUENCE {      timeDomainAssign BIT STRING (SIZE(X)),       freqDomainAssign BITSTRING (SIZE(Y)),       pilot-CodebookAssign BIT STRING (SIZE(Z)),      transportBlockSizeAssign BIT STRING (SIZE(S)),       }       or   GrantFreeTransAreaList:: = SEQUENCE (SIZE (1..maxGrantFreeTransArea))OF GrantFreeTransAreaInfo    GrantFreeTransAreaInfo:: = SEQUENCE {      timeDomainAssign BIT STRING (SIZE(X)),       freqDomainAssign BITSTRING (SIZE(Y)),       pilot-CodebookAssign BIT STRING (SIZE(Z)),      codeRateAssign BIT STRING (SIZE(S)),       }

GrantFreeTransAreaList is a list of transmission areas, and includes Mtransmission areas; maxGrantFreeTransArea is a maximum value M of aquantity of transmission areas; timeDomainAssign is used to indicate atime domain resource of a transmission area, a form of a bit string canbe used, each bit represents one subframe, a bit being 1 represents thatthe transmission area is located in the subframe, and a bit being 0represents that the transmission area is not located in the subframe;and freqDomainAssign is used to indicate a frequency domain resource ofa transmission area, and a form of a bit string can be used to indicatea resource block occupied by the transmission area. Correspondingly, thefirst information includes a first bit string used to indicate asubframe of a time domain of each transmission area of the Mtransmission areas and a second bit string used to indicate a resourceblock of a frequency domain of each transmission area of the Mtransmission areas.

The pilot-CodebookAssign is used to indicate a codebook-pilot setassigned to a transmission area, and a form of a bit string can be usedto indicate an index of the assign codebook-pilot set;transportBlockAssign is used to indicate a transport block size assignedto a transmission area, and a form of a bit string can be used toindicate an index of the assigned transport block size; andcodeRateAssign is used to indicate a coding rate that is assigned to atransmission area and that is used to calculate a transport block size,and a form of a bit string can be used to indicate an index of theassigned coding rate. Correspondingly, the second information includesan index of the transport block size determined for each transmissionarea of the M transmission areas; or the second information includes anindex of the coding rate determined for each transmission area of the Mtransmission areas.

When the indication message is sent in the foregoing manner, at leastone predefined codebook-pilot set needs to be stored on the networkdevice and the terminal device. Moreover, the stored codebook-pilot setis numbered, and at the same time, an index of a transport block size inTable 2 or an index of a coding rate in Table 3 below needs to be storedon the network device and the terminal device.

TABLE 2 Table of an index of a transport block size Index of a transportblock size Transport block size . . . . . . x z . . . . . .

TABLE 3 Table of an index of a coding rate Index of a coding rate Codingrate . . . . . . p q . . . . . .

In the foregoing Table 2 and Table 3, x, y, z, and p are non-negativeintegers, and q is a real number between 0 and 1.

In the foregoing embodiment, the coding rate and the codebook-pilot setmay be further indicated in an enumeration manner. For example,

pilot-CodebookAssign ENUMERATED {set-1, set-2, set-3, ...}codeRateAssign ENUMERATED {cr-r1, cr-r2, cr-r3, ...};where pilot-CodebookAssign is used to indicate a codebook-pilot setassigned to a transmission area, where set-1 represents a codebook-pilotset 1, set-2 represents a codebook-pilot set 2, and so on; andcodeRateAssign is used to indicate a coding rate that is assigned to atransmission area and that is used to calculate a transport block size,where cr-r1 represents a coding rate r1, cr-r2 represents a coding rater2, and so on.

In addition, in this embodiment of the present invention, the transportblock size may be further indicated in the following manner. Forexample:

transportBlockSizeAssign TransportBlockSize;where

transportBlockAssign is used to indicate a transport block size assignedto a transmission area, where for the transport block size, refer to aprotocol used in a system.

In the foregoing embodiment, the time domain information of thetransmission area may be further indicated in the following manner. Forexample:

timeDomainAssign BIT STRING (SIZE(X)) timeDomainPeriod ENUMERATED{rf-p1, rf-p2, rf-p3, ...} timeDomainOffset INTEGER (o..Max);where

timeDomainAssign is used to indicate a time domain resource of atransmission area, where a form of a bit string can be used, each bitrepresents one subframe, a bit being 1 represents that the transmissionarea is located in the subframe, and a bit being 0 represents that thetransmission area is not located in the subframe; timeDomainPeriod isused to indicate a period of a transmission area, where if a currentradio frame meets a condition mod (current radio frame number,timeDomainPeriod)=timeDomainOffset, timeDomainAssign indicates whetherthe transmission area is located on X consecutive subframes startingfrom a 0^(th) subframe of a current radio frame, where rf-p1 representsp1 radio frames, rf-p2 represents p2 radio frames, and so on; andtimeDomainOffset is used to indicate a radio frame offset of atransmission area, where if a current radio frame meets a conditionmod(current radio frame number, timeDomainPeriod)=timeDomainOffset,timeDomainAssign indicates whether the transmission area is located on Xconsecutive subframes starting from a 0^(th) subframe of a current radioframe.

Optionally, in another embodiment, in a system in which a constellationis used to perform modulation, for example, a Code Division MultipleAccess (CDMA) system, an Orthogonal Frequency Multiple Access (OFDMA)system, a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, an Orthogonal FrequencyDivision Multiplexing (OFDM) system, a Generalized Frequency DivisionMultiplexing (GFDM) system, or a Filtered-Orthogonal Frequency DivisionMultiplexing (F-OFDM) system, the network device does not send, to theterminal device, the third information that indicates a codebook-pilotset, but instead, sends information that indicates a constellation-pilotset, or the network device and the terminal device store aconstellation-pilot set, so that the terminal device selects acorresponding combination of a constellation and a pilot.

The constellation-pilot set may also be referred to as aconstellation-pilot combination relationship list, where a pilotsequence and a modulation constellation are combined, to form one ormore specific combinations of a modulation constellation and a pilotsequence. It is assumed that there are L uplink pilot sequences used toallow the terminal device to send uplink data based on a non-grant mode,where the L uplink pilot sequences are separately numbered from 1 to L,and there are J modulation constellations used to allow the terminaldevice to send uplink data based on a non-grant mode, where the Jmodulation constellations are separately numbered from 1 to J.Generally, L=K*J+j, where K is an integer greater than or equal to 1,and j is a non-negative integer less than J. Table 4 gives a possiblecombination relationship between a constellation and a pilot. There areL combinations in total. In different combinations, pilot sequences aredifferent from each other, and modulation constellations may be thesame.

TABLE 4 Constellation-pilot set Sequence {Pilot, Sequence {Pilot,Sequence {Pilot, number constellation} number constellation} . . .number constellation} 1 {P₁, C₁} J + 1 {P_(J+1), C₁} . . . K * J + 1{P_(K*J+1), C₁} 2 {P₂, C₂} J + 2 {P_(J+2), C₂} . . . . . . . . . . K *J + j {P_(K*J+j), C_(j)} . . J {P_(J), C_(J)} 2 * J {P_(2*J), C_(J)} . ..

The constellation-pilot set may be predefined and stored on the networkdevice and the terminal device. Because a quantity of combinationrelationships between a constellation and a pilot is less than aquantity of combination relationships between a codebook and a pilot,generally, the network device and the terminal device separately need tostore only a constellation-pilot set.

It should be understood that the nouns such as the transmission area,the codebook-pilot set, and the constellation-pilot set that areinvolved in this embodiment of the present invention may appear in otherdifferent forms in different scenarios or systems, that is, may bevaried by using various equivalent changes or replacements, and thesechanges or replacements should fall within the protection scope of thepresent invention.

Similar to the foregoing description, in this embodiment of the presentinvention, an indication message that is sent by the network device tothe terminal device that corresponds to a transmission area may beimplemented in the following manner, but the present invention is notlimited thereto. A form of the indication message is:

   GrantFreeTransAreaList:: = SEQUENCE (SIZE (1..maxGrantFreeTransArea))OF GrantFreeTransAreaInfo    GrantFreeTransAreaInfo:: = SEQUENCE {      timeDomainAssign BIT STRING (SIZE(X)),       freqDomainAssign BITSTRING (SIZE(Y)),       transportBlockSizeAssign BIT STRING (SIZE(S)),      }       or    GrantFreeTransAreaList:: = SEQUENCE (SIZE(1..maxGrantFreeTransArea)) OF GrantFreeTransAreaInfo   GrantFreeTransAreaInfo:: = SEQUENCE {       timeDomainAssign BITSTRING (SIZE(X)),       freqDomainAssign BIT STRING (SIZE(Y)),      codeRateAssign BIT STRING (SIZE(S)),       }

GrantFreeTransAreaList is a list of transmission areas, and includes Mtransmission areas; maxGrantFreeTransArea is a maximum value M of aquantity of transmission areas; timeDomainAssign is used to indicate atime domain resource of a transmission area, a form of a bit string canbe used, each bit represents one subframe, a bit being 1 represents thatthe transmission area is located in the subframe, and a bit being 0represents that the transmission area is not located in the subframe;freqDomainAssign is used to indicate a frequency domain resource of atransmission area, and a form of a bit string can be used to indicate aresource block occupied by the transmission area; transportBlockAssignis used to indicate a transport block size assigned to a transmissionarea, and a form of a bit string can be used to indicate an index of theassigned transport block size; and codeRateAssign is used to indicate acoding rate that is assigned to a transmission area and that is used tocalculate a transport block size, and a form of a bit string can be usedto indicate an index of the assigned coding rate.

When the indication message is sent in the foregoing manner, an index ofa transport block size in Table 5 or an index of a coding rate in Table6 below needs to be stored on the network device and the terminaldevice.

TABLE 5 Table of an index of a transport block size Index of a transportblock size Transport block size . . . . . . X z . . . . . .

TABLE 6 Table of an index of a coding rate Index of a coding rate Codingrate . . . . . . p q . . . . . .

In the foregoing Table 2 and Table 3, x, y, z, and p are non-negativeintegers, and q is a real number between 0 and 1.

In the foregoing embodiment, the coding rate may be further indicated inan enumeration manner. For example:

codeRateAssign ENUMERATED {cr-r1, cr-r2, cr-r3,...};where

codeRateAssign is used to indicate a coding rate that is assigned to atransmission area and that is used to calculate a transport block size,where cr-r1 represents a coding rate r1, cr-r2 represents a coding rater2, and so on.

In addition, in this embodiment of the present invention, the transportblock size may be further indicated in the following manner. Forexample:

transportBlockSizeAssign TransportBlockSize;where

transportBlockAssign is used to indicate a transport block size assignedto a transmission area, where for the transport block size, refer to aprotocol used in a system.

In the foregoing embodiment, the time domain information of thetransmission area may be further indicated in the following manner. Forexample:

timeDomainAssign BIT STRING (SIZE(X)) timeDomainPeriod ENUMERATED{rf-p1, rf-p2, rf-p3, ...} timeDomainOffset INTEGER (o..Max);where

timeDomainAssign is used to indicate a time domain resource of atransmission area, where a form of a bit string can be used, each bitrepresents one subframe, a bit being 1 represents that the transmissionarea is located in the subframe, and a bit being 0 represents that thetransmission area is not located in the subframe; timeDomainPeriod isused to indicate a period of a transmission area, where if a currentradio frame meets a condition mod(current radio frame number,timeDomainPeriod)=timeDomainOffset, timeDomainAssign indicates whetherthe transmission area is located on X consecutive subframes startingfrom a 0th subframe of a current radio frame, where rf-p1 represents p1radio frames, rf-p2 represents p2 radio frames, and so on; andtimeDomainOffset is used to indicate a radio frame offset of atransmission area, where if a current radio frame meets a conditionmod(current radio frame number, timeDomainPeriod)=timeDomainOffset,timeDomainAssign indicates whether the transmission area is located on Xconsecutive subframes starting from a 0th subframe of a current radioframe.

In this embodiment of the present invention, after receiving anindication message sent by a network device, the terminal device selectsN transmission areas from the M transmission areas according to theindication message, determines transport block sizes of the transmissionareas, and sends, on the selected N transmission areas, uplink data tothe network device according to the transport block sizes of thetransmission areas, where N is a positive integer less than or equal toM. Specific implementation is described below in detail, and details areno longer described herein.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the method 200 further includes: receivinguplink data that is sent by the terminal device on N transmission areasaccording to transport block sizes of the N transmission areas, where Nis a positive integer less than or equal to M; and decoding the uplinkdata on the N transmission areas according to the transport block sizesof the N transmission areas.

Specifically, the network device receives data on a time-frequencyresource corresponding to a transmission area, tries some or all ofcodebook-pilot combinations in a codebook-pilot set bound to thetransmission area, and decodes the uplink data sent by the terminaldevice. According to information (a transport block size or a codingrate) that is determined when the indication message is determined andthat indicates a transport block size, the network device performsdecoding according to the transport block sizes of the transmissionareas.

It should be understood that in this embodiment of the presentinvention, the transmission area, the transport block size assigned tothe transmission area or the coding rate that is assigned to thetransmission area and that is used to calculate a transport block size,and the codebook-pilot set assigned to the transmission area are notconstant, and the network device may redetermine a transmission areaaccording to an actual case, where transmission areas determined twicesuccessively are at least different on a time or frequency resource.Alternatively, a transport block size or a coding rate used to calculatea transport block size is assigned to the transmission area again, wheredifferent transport block sizes or coding rates are assigned twicesuccessively. Alternatively, a codebook-pilot set is assigned to thetransmission area again, where different codebook-pilot sets areassigned twice successively. When the transmission area, or thetransport block size assigned to the transmission area or the codingrate that is assigned to the transmission area and that is used tocalculate the transport block size, or the codebook-pilot set assignedto the transmission area is changed, the network device needs to resenda new indication message to the terminal device. The new indicationmessage includes the following content: at least one transmission area,a transport block size assigned to each transmission area or a codingrate that is assigned to each transmission area and that is used tocalculate a transport block size, and a codebook-pilot set assigned toeach transmission area.

In this embodiment of the present invention, by means of the followingtechnologies, after decoding data from different terminal devices, thenetwork device can distinguish which terminal device the data is from.For example, a terminal device sends an identifier such as a radionetwork temporary identity (RNTI) of the terminal device to the networkdevice, where the identifier is used as a part of data or is scrambledin data. After decoding the data, the network device determines,according to the identifier in the data, which terminal device the datais from. In addition to the foregoing method, an objective ofdistinguishing, by a base station, which terminal device the data isfrom may be further implemented by using another method, and this is notlimited in this embodiment of the present invention.

Therefore, in the uplink data transmission method provided in thisembodiment of the present invention, at least one transmission area isdetermined, and related information about a transport block size isassigned to the transmission area, so that a terminal device transmitsuplink data on the transmission area by using the correspondingtransport block size. Therefore, uplink data can be decoded on atransmission area according to a transport block size. In this way, aprocessing delay can be reduced.

The uplink data transmission methods according to the embodiments of thepresent invention are described above in detail with reference to FIG. 1to FIG. 4 from the perspective of a network device. The uplink datatransmission method according to an embodiment of the present inventionis described below in detail with reference to FIG. 5 from theperspective of a terminal device.

FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of an uplink data transmission method300 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown inFIG. 5, the method 300 is executed by a terminal device. The method 300includes the following steps.

S301: Receive an indication message sent by a network device, where theindication message includes first information and second information,the first information is used to indicate M transmission areas allocatedby the network device, the second information is used to indicate atransport block size of each transmission area of the M transmissionareas, M is a positive integer, and the transmission area represents anair interface time-frequency resource that includes a time range and afrequency range that are specified by a communications system.

S302: Select N transmission areas from the M transmission areasaccording to the first information, where N is a positive integer lessthan or equal to M.

S303: Determine a transport block size of each transmission area of theN transmission areas according to the second information.

S304: Send, on each transmission area of the N transmission areas,uplink data to the network device according to the transport block sizeof each transmission area of the N transmission areas.

Therefore, in the uplink data transmission method provided in thisembodiment of the present invention, at least one transmission area isselected, and uplink data is transmitted according to relatedinformation about a transport block size assigned to the transmissionarea. Therefore, a network device can decode uplink data on atransmission area according to a transport block size. In this way, aprocessing delay can be reduced.

Specifically, in S301, the terminal device receives the indicationmessage sent by the network device, and the indication message includesinformation indicating M transmission areas that can be selected andused by the terminal device, and further includes information indicatinga transport block size of each transmission area of the M transmissionareas. The terminal device may learn, from the indication messagedelivered by the network device, information such as a time-frequencyresource used to send uplink data by using a non-grant mode, and atransport block size or a coding rate used to calculate a transportblock size.

In S302, the terminal device selects N transmission areas from the Mtransmission areas according to the first information, where N is apositive integer less than or equal to M. The terminal device may selecta transmission area by using a random method, or may select atransmission area according to factors such as a data buffer status ofthe terminal device, a channel condition of a transmission area, atransport block size or a coding rate assigned to a transmission area,and a codebook-pilot set assigned to a transmission area. For example,the terminal device selects a transmission area having a relativelydesirable channel condition, or selects a transmission area in which atransport block size matches a data buffer status. In addition to theforegoing method, the terminal device may further select a transmissionarea by using another method, and this is not limited in this embodimentof the present invention.

In S303, the terminal device determines the transport block sizes of theN transmission areas according to the second information. If the secondinformation included in the indication message is a transport block sizethat is in a form of explicit indication and that is determined for eachtransmission area, the terminal device may directly use the transportblock size. If the second information included in the indication messageis a transport block size that is in a form of implicit indication andthat is determined for each transmission area, for example, informationof a coding rate is sent to the terminal device, the terminal device maycalculate the transport block size according to the coding rate.

In S304, the terminal device sends, on each transmission area of the Ntransmission areas, uplink data to the network device according to thetransport block size of each transmission area.

Therefore, in the uplink data transmission method provided in thisembodiment of the present invention, at least one transmission area isselected, and uplink data is transmitted according to relatedinformation about a transport block size assigned to the transmissionarea. Therefore, a network device can decode uplink data on atransmission area according to a transport block size. In this way, aprocessing delay can be reduced.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the second information includesinformation about a transport block size that is determined by thenetwork device for each transmission area of the M transmission areas;or the second information includes information about a coding rate thatis determined by the network device for each transmission area of the Mtransmission areas, and the determining a transport block size of eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas according to the secondinformation includes: determining the transport block size of eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas according to a quantity ofunit time-frequency resources that are in each transmission area of theN transmission areas and that can be used to transmit data, a modulationorder, and the coding rate.

Specifically, if the second information included in the indicationmessage is a transport block size that is in a form of explicitindication and that is determined for each transmission area, theterminal device may directly use the transport block size. If the secondinformation included in the indication message is a transport block sizethat is in a form of implicit indication and that is determined for eachtransmission area, for example, information of a coding rate is sent tothe terminal device, the terminal device may calculate the transportblock size according to the coding rate. For example, the terminaldevice may determine the transport block size according to a quantity ofunit time-frequency resources that are in a transmission area and thatcan be used to transmit data, a modulation order, and a coding rate. Aspecific calculation manner may be as follows.

The transport block size=the quantity of unit time-frequency resourcesthat are in a transmission area and that can be used to transmitdata*the modulation order*the coding rate/a total quantity of elementsin a codeword (applicable to a system in which codebook modulation isused); or the transport block size=the quantity of unit time-frequencyresources that are in a transmission area and that can be used totransmit data*the modulation order*the coding rate (applicable to asystem in which constellation modulation is used). The unittime-frequency resource refers to a minimum time-frequency resource usedto transmit one modulation symbol, and is, for example, a resourceelement (RE) in an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)system. The modulation order may be obtained according to a quantity ofcodewords included in a codebook, or obtained according to a quantity ofconstellation points included in a modulation constellation. Thequantity of unit time-frequency resources that are in a transmissionarea and that can be used to transmit data is obtained by subtracting,from a quantity of all unit time-frequency resources included in thetransmission area, a quantity of unit time-frequency resources that arein the transmission area and that are used to send signals (for example,a pilot and HARQ information) other than the data.

Preferably, the second information includes an index of the transportblock size determined for each transmission area of the M transmissionareas; or the second information includes an index of the coding ratedetermined for each transmission area of the M transmission areas.

Optionally, in an embodiment, area information of each transmission areaincludes time domain information and frequency domain information ofeach transmission area. Preferably, the first information includes afirst bit string used to indicate a subframe of each transmission areaof the M transmission areas and a second bit string used to indicate afrequency of each transmission area of the M transmission areas.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the method 300 further includes: selectingone constellation-pilot combination from a preset constellation-pilotset for each transmission area of the N transmission areas, where theconstellation-pilot set includes multiple constellation-pilotcombinations; and generating an uplink pilot signal according to a pilotsequence in the constellation-pilot combination; and the sending, oneach transmission area of the N transmission areas, uplink data to thenetwork device according to the transport block size of eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas includes: generating theuplink data on each transmission area of the N transmission areasaccording to a modulation constellation in the constellation-pilotcombination and according to the transport block size of eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas; and sending the uplinkpilot and the uplink data to the network device on each transmissionarea of the N transmission areas.

Specifically, in the system in which a constellation is used to performmodulation, for example, a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system,an Orthogonal Frequency Multiple Access (OFDMA) system, a Long TermEvolution (Long Term Evolution, LTE) system, an Orthogonal FrequencyDivision Multiplexing (OFDM) system, a Generalized Frequency DivisionMultiplexing (GFDM) system, or a Filtered-Orthogonal Frequency DivisionMultiplexing (F-OFDM) system, the network device and the terminal devicestore a constellation-pilot set, so that the terminal device selects acorresponding combination of a constellation and a pilot.

The terminal may select a constellation-pilot combination from aconstellation-pilot set (or referred to as a constellation-pilotcombination relationship list, for example, the foregoingconstellation-pilot combination relationship list that is predefined andstored on the network device and the terminal device) by using a randommethod, or may select a constellation-pilot combination according tofactors such as a data buffer status of the terminal, a channelcondition of a transmission area, and a transport block size or a codingrate assigned to a transmission area. For example, when the channelcondition is relatively desirable or a large amount of data is bufferedor a transport block is relatively large or a coding rate is relativelylow, the terminal device selects a constellation-pilot combinationcorresponding to higher order modulation. When the channel condition isrelatively poor or a relatively small amount of data is buffered or atransport block is relatively small or a coding rate is relatively high,the terminal device selects a constellation-pilot combinationcorresponding to lower order modulation. In addition to the foregoingmethod, the terminal device may further select a constellation-pilotcombination from the constellation-pilot set by using another method,and this is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention. Itshould be understood in this embodiment of the present invention, uplinkdata may be a symbol obtained after constellation modulation isperformed.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the constellation-pilot combination meetsthe following condition: a quantity of unit time-frequency resourcesthat are in a transmission area and that can be used to transmit data*amodulation order of a modulation constellation in a constellation-pilotcombination>a transport block size determined for the transmission area.

Specifically, regardless of which method is used to select aconstellation-pilot combination, if a transport block size is assignedto a transmission area, when the terminal device selects aconstellation-pilot combination, it needs to be ensured that a selectedconstellation-pilot combination meets the following condition: aquantity of unit time-frequency resources that are in a transmissionarea and that can be used to transmit data*a modulation order>atransport block size assigned to a transmission area. The unittime-frequency resource refers to a minimum time-frequency resource, forexample, an RE in an OFDM system, used to transmit one modulationsymbol. The modulation order may be obtained according to a quantity ofconstellation points included in a constellation. The quantity of unittime-frequency resources that are in a transmission area and that can beused to transmit data is obtained by subtracting, from a quantity of allunit time-frequency resources included in the transmission area, aquantity of unit time-frequency resources that are in the transmissionarea and that are used to send signals (for example, a pilot and HARQinformation) other than the data.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the indication message further includesthird information, the third information is used to indicate at leastone codebook-pilot set that is determined by the network device for eachtransmission area of the M transmission areas, and the codebook-pilotset includes multiple codebooks, pilot sequences, and a combinationrelationship between a codebook and a pilot sequence. The method 300further includes: determining at least one codebook-pilot set of eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas according to the thirdinformation; selecting one codebook-pilot combination from the at leastone codebook-pilot set for each transmission area of the N transmissionareas; and generating an uplink pilot signal according to a pilotsequence in the codebook-pilot combination. The sending, on eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas, uplink data to thenetwork device according to the transport block size of eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas includes: generating theuplink data on each transmission area of the N transmission areasaccording to a codebook in the codebook-pilot combination and accordingto the transport block size of each transmission area of the Ntransmission areas; and sending the uplink pilot and the uplink data tothe network device on each transmission area of the N transmissionareas.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the codebook is a sparse code multipleaccess SCMA codebook, that is, the codebook includes two or morecodewords, the codeword is a multidimensional complex vector and is usedto represent a mapping relationship between data and at least twomodulation symbols, and the at least two modulation symbols include atleast one zero modulation symbol and at least one non-zero modulationsymbol.

This embodiment of the present invention is applicable to a system inwhich a codebook is used to perform modulation, and the system is, forexample, an SCMA system or an LDS system. The third information used toindicate a codebook-pilot set may be information that directly indicatesa combination of a codebook and a pilot (applicable to the SCMA system),or may be information that indicates a combination of a modulationconstellation, a signature sequence, and a pilot, so that a codebook isdetermined by using the modulation constellation and the signaturesequence, so as to further indicate the combination of the codebook andthe pilot (applicable to the LDS system). This is not limited in thisembodiment of the present invention.

The terminal device may select a codebook-pilot combination from acodebook-pilot set by using a random method, or may select acodebook-pilot combination according to one or more of factors such as adata buffer status of the terminal, a channel condition of atransmission area, and a transport block size or a coding rate assignedto a transmission area. For example, when the channel condition isrelatively desirable or a transport block size is relatively large or acoding rate is relatively low, the terminal device selects acodebook-pilot combination corresponding to higher order modulation (amodulation order may be obtained according to a quantity of codewordsincluded in a codebook, for example, the quantity of codewords is Q_(m),and the corresponding modulation order is log₂(Q_(m))). When the channelcondition is relatively poor or the transport block size is relativelysmall or the coding rate is relatively high, the terminal device selectsa codebook-pilot combination corresponding to lower order modulation.When a relatively large amount of data is buffered, the terminal deviceselects a codebook-pilot combination that includes multiple codebooks tosend multiple data streams, or selects a codebook-pilot combinationcorresponding to higher order modulation. When a relatively small amountof data is buffered, the terminal device selects a codebook-pilotcombination that includes a single codebook, or selects a codebook-pilotcombination corresponding to lower order modulation. In addition to theforegoing method, the terminal device may further select acodebook-pilot combination from a codebook-pilot set by using anothermethod, and this is not limited in this embodiment of the presentinvention. It should be understood in this embodiment of the presentinvention, the uplink data may be a symbol that is obtained after SCMAcodebook modulation is performed.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the codebook-pilot combination meets thefollowing condition: a quantity of unit time-frequency resources thatare in a transmission area and that can be used to transmit data*amodulation order of a codebook in a codebook-pilot combination>atransport block size determined for the transmission area.

Specifically, regardless of which method is used, if a transport blocksize is assigned to a transmission area, when the terminal deviceselects a codebook-pilot combination, it must be ensured that theselected codebook-pilot combination meets the following condition: aquantity of unit time-frequency resources that are in a transmissionarea and that can be used to transmit data*a modulation order/a totalquantity of elements in a codeword>a transport block size bound to thetransmission area. The unit time-frequency resource refers to a minimumtime-frequency resource used to transmit one modulation symbol. Themodulation order may be obtained according to a quantity of codewordsincluded in a codebook. The quantity of unit time-frequency resourcesthat are in a transmission area and that can be used to transmit data isobtained by subtracting, from a quantity of all unit time-frequencyresources included in the transmission area, a quantity of unittime-frequency resources that are in the transmission area and that areused to send signals (for example, a pilot and HARQ information) otherthan the data.

Therefore, in the uplink data transmission method provided in thisembodiment of the present invention, at least one transmission area isselected, and uplink data is transmitted according to relatedinformation about a transport block size assigned to the transmissionarea. Therefore, a network device can decode uplink data on atransmission area according to a transport block size. In this way, aprocessing delay can be reduced.

Embodiments of the present invention are described below in detail withreference to FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 by using two specific examples.

FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of an uplink data transmission method400 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In thisembodiment of the present invention, an example in which a networkdevice is a base station and a terminal device is a terminal is used fordescription. As shown in FIG. 6, the method 400 includes the followingsteps.

S401: The base station determines at least one transmission area.

S402: The base station determines, for each transmission area, atransport block size or a coding rate used to calculate a transportblock size.

S403: The base station determines a codebook-pilot set for eachtransmission area.

S404: The base station generates an indication message, where theindication message includes at least one transmission area, thetransport block size determined for each transmission area, or thecoding rate that is determined for each transmission area and that isused to calculate a transport block size, and the codebook-pilot set ofeach transmission area.

S405: The base station sends the indication message to the terminal.

S406: The terminal selects one or more transmission areas from the atleast one transmission area according to the indication message.

S407: The terminal determines, according to the indication message, atransport block size of each selected transmission area or a codingrate, which is used to calculate a transport block size, of eachselected transmission area.

S408: The terminal selects, according to the indication message, acodebook-pilot combination from the codebook-pilot set as acodebook-pilot combination of the selected transmission area.

S409: The terminal generates an uplink pilot and uplink data accordingto the codebook-pilot combination and the transport block size or thecoding rate used to calculate a transport block size.

S410: The terminal sends the uplink pilot and the uplink data to thenetwork device on one or more transmission areas.

Therefore, in the uplink data transmission method provided in thisembodiment of the present invention, a network device determines atleast one transmission area, and related information about a transportblock size is assigned to the transmission area, so that a terminaldevice transmits uplink data on the transmission area by using thecorresponding transport block size. Therefore, a network device candecode uplink data on a transmission area according to a transport blocksize. In this way, a processing delay can be reduced.

FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of an uplink data transmission method500 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In thisembodiment of the present invention, an example in which a networkdevice is a base station and a terminal device is a terminal is used fordescription. As shown in FIG. 7, the method 500 includes:

S501: The base station determines at least one transmission area.

S502: The base station determines, for each transmission area, atransport block size or a coding rate used to calculate a transportblock size.

S503: The base station generates an indication message, where theindication message includes at least one transmission area, thetransport block size determined for each transmission area, or thecoding rate that is determined for each transmission area and that isused to calculate a transport block size.

S504: The base station sends the indication message to the terminal.

S505: The terminal selects one or more transmission areas from the atleast one transmission area according to the indication message.

S506: The terminal determines, according to the indication message, atransport block size of each selected transmission area or a codingrate, which is used to calculate a transport block size, of eachselected transmission area.

S507: The terminal selects a constellation-pilot combination as aconstellation-pilot combination of the selected transmission areaaccording to a constellation-pilot set stored on the terminal.

S508: The terminal generates an uplink pilot and uplink data accordingto the constellation-pilot combination and the transport block size orthe coding rate used to calculate a transport block size.

S509: The terminal sends the uplink pilot and the uplink data to thenetwork device on the one or more transmission areas.

Therefore, in the uplink data transmission method provided in thisembodiment of the present invention, a network device determines atleast one transmission area, and related information about a transportblock size is assigned to the transmission area, so that a terminaldevice transmits uplink data on the transmission area by using thecorresponding transport block size. Therefore, a network device candecode uplink data on a transmission area according to a transport blocksize. In this way, a processing delay can be reduced.

The uplink data transmission methods according to the embodiments of thepresent invention are described above in detail with reference to FIG. 2to FIG. 7. Uplink data transmission apparatuses according to embodimentsof the present invention are described below with reference to FIG. 8 toFIG. 11.

FIG. 8 shows an uplink data transmission apparatus 600 according to anembodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 8, the apparatus600 includes: a first determining module 601, configured to: determine Mtransmission areas allocated to a terminal device, and generate firstinformation used to indicate the M transmission areas, where M is apositive integer, and the transmission area represents an air interfacetime-frequency resource that includes a time range and a frequency rangethat are specified by a communications system; a second determiningmodule 602, configured to determine, for each transmission area of the Mtransmission areas that are determined by the first determining module601, second information used to indicate a transport block size; and asending module 603, configured to send an indication message to theterminal device, so that the terminal device transmits uplink dataaccording to the indication message, where the indication messageincludes the first information determined by the first determiningmodule 601 and the second information determined by the seconddetermining module 602.

Therefore, the uplink data transmission apparatus provided in thisembodiment of the present invention determines at least one transmissionarea, and assigns related information about a transport block size tothe transmission area, so that a terminal device transmits uplink dataon the transmission area by using the corresponding transport blocksize. Therefore, uplink data can be decoded on a transmission areaaccording to a transport block size. In this way, a processing delay canbe reduced.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the apparatus 600 further includes: asecond determining module, configured to: determine at least onecodebook-pilot set for each transmission area of the M transmissionareas that are determined by the first determining module 601, andgenerate third information used to indicate the at least onecodebook-pilot set, where the indication message sent by the sendingmodule 603 further includes the third information, where thecodebook-pilot set includes multiple codebooks, multiple pilotsequences, and a combination relationship between a codebook and a pilotsequence.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the codebook includes two or morecodewords, the codeword is a multidimensional complex vector and is usedto represent a mapping relationship between data and at least twomodulation symbols, and the at least two modulation symbols include atleast one zero modulation symbol and at least one non-zero modulationsymbol.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the second information includesinformation about a transport block size determined for eachtransmission area of the M transmission areas; or the second informationincludes information about a coding rate determined for eachtransmission area of the M transmission areas, so that the terminaldevice determines a transport block size according to a quantity of unittime-frequency resources that are in a transmission area and that can beused to transmit data, a modulation order, and the coding rate.

transmission areas according to transport block sizes of the Ntransmission areas, where N is a positive integer less than or equal toM; and a decoding module, configured to decode the uplink data on the Ntransmission areas according to the transport block sizes of the Ntransmission areas.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the first information includes time domaininformation and frequency domain information of each transmission areaof the M transmission areas.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the third information includes an index ofthe at least one codebook-pilot set.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the second information includes an indexof the transport block size determined for each transmission area of theM transmission areas; or the second information includes an index of thecoding rate determined for each transmission area of the M transmissionareas.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the first information includes a first bitstring used to indicate a subframe of a time domain of each transmissionarea of the M transmission areas and a second bit string used toindicate a resource block of a frequency domain of each transmissionarea of the M transmission areas.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the sending module 603 is specificallyconfigured to: carry the indication message on a broadcast channel, andsend, in a broadcast manner, the indication message to all or some ofterminal devices served by a network device; or carry the indicationmessage on a dedicated control channel, and send, in a unicast manner,the indication message to one specific terminal device or one specificgroup of terminal devices served by the network device.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the apparatus 600 is a network device.

It should be understood that the apparatus 600 according to thisembodiment of the present invention may correspond to the network devicein the method embodiment of the present invention, and the foregoing andother operations and/or functions of the modules in the apparatus 600are separately used to implement corresponding procedures in the methodsin FIG. 2 to FIG. 7, and are no longer described herein in detail forbrevity.

Therefore, the uplink data transmission apparatus provided in thisembodiment of the present invention determines at least one transmissionarea, and assigns related information about a transport block size tothe transmission area, so that a terminal device transmits uplink dataon the transmission area by using the corresponding transport blocksize. Therefore, uplink data can be decoded on a transmission areaaccording to a transport block size. In this way, a processing delay canbe reduced.

FIG. 9 shows an uplink data transmission apparatus 700 according to anembodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 9, the apparatus700 includes: a receiving module 701, configured to receive anindication message sent by a network device, where the indicationmessage includes first information and second information, the firstinformation is used to indicate M transmission areas allocated by thenetwork device, the second information is used to indicate a transportblock size of each transmission area of the M transmission areas, M is apositive integer, and the transmission area represents an air interfacetime-frequency resource that includes a time range and a frequency rangethat are specified by a communications system; a first determiningmodule 702, configured to select N transmission areas from the Mtransmission areas according to the first information, where N is apositive integer less than or equal to M; a second determining module703, configured to determine, according to the second information, atransport block size of each transmission area of the N transmissionareas determined by the first determining module; and a sending module704, configured to send, on each transmission area of the N transmissionareas determined by the first determining module 702, uplink data to thenetwork device according to the transport block size, which isdetermined by the second determining module 703, of each transmissionarea of the N transmission areas.

Therefore, the uplink data transmission apparatus provided in thisembodiment of the present invention selects at least one transmissionarea, and transmits uplink data according to related information, whichis assigned to the transmission area, about a transport block size.Therefore, a network device can decode uplink data on a transmissionarea according to a transport block size. In this way, a processingdelay can be reduced.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the apparatus 700 further includes: athird determining module, configured to select one constellation-pilotcombination from a preset constellation-pilot set for each transmissionarea of the N transmission areas, where the constellation-pilot setincludes multiple constellation-pilot combinations; and a firstgeneration module, configured to generate an uplink pilot signalaccording to a pilot sequence in the constellation-pilot combinationdetermined by the third determining module. The sending module 704 isspecifically configured to: generate uplink data on each transmissionarea of the N transmission areas according to a modulation constellationin the constellation-pilot combination and according to the transportblock size of each transmission area of the N transmission areas; andsend the uplink pilot and the uplink data to the network device on eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the indication message further includesthird information, the third information is used to indicate at leastone codebook-pilot set that is determined by the network device for eachtransmission area of the M transmission areas, and the codebook-pilotset includes multiple codebooks, pilot sequences, and a combinationrelationship between a codebook and a pilot sequence. The apparatus 700further includes: a fourth determining module, configured to determineat least one codebook-pilot set of each transmission area of the Ntransmission areas according to the third information; a fifthdetermining module, configured to select one codebook-pilot combinationfrom the at least one codebook-pilot set for each transmission area ofthe N transmission areas; and a second generation module, configured togenerate an uplink pilot signal according to a pilot sequence in thecodebook-pilot combination. The sending module 704 is specificallyconfigured to: generate uplink data on each transmission area of the Ntransmission areas according to a codebook in the codebook-pilotcombination and according to the transport block size of eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas; and send the uplink pilotand the uplink data to the network device on each transmission area ofthe N transmission areas.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the codebook is a sparse code multipleaccess SCMA codebook, the codebook includes two or more codewords, thecodeword is a multidimensional complex vector and is used to represent amapping relationship between data and at least two modulation symbols,and the at least two modulation symbols include at least one zeromodulation symbol and at least one non-zero modulation symbol.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the constellation-pilot combination meetsthe following condition: a quantity of unit time-frequency resourcesthat are in a transmission area and that can be used to transmit data*amodulation order of a modulation constellation in a constellation-pilotcombination>a transport block size determined for the transmission area.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the codebook-pilot combination meets thefollowing condition: a quantity of unit time-frequency resources thatare in a transmission area and that can be used to transmit data*amodulation order of a codebook in a codebook-pilot combination>atransport block size determined for the transmission area.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the second information includesinformation about a transport block size that is determined by thenetwork device for each transmission area of the M transmission areas;or the second information includes information about a coding rate thatis determined by the network device for each transmission area of the Mtransmission areas, and the second determining module is specificallyconfigured to: determine the transport block size of each transmissionarea of the N transmission areas according to a quantity of unittime-frequency resources that are in each transmission area of the Ntransmission areas and that can be used to transmit data, a modulationorder, and the coding rate.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the first information includes time domaininformation and frequency domain information of each transmission areaof the M transmission areas.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the third information includes an index ofthe at least one codebook-pilot set.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the second information includes an indexof the transport block size determined for each transmission area of theM transmission areas; or the second information includes an index of thecoding rate determined for each transmission area of the M transmissionareas.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the first information includes a first bitstring used to indicate a subframe of a time domain of each transmissionarea of the M transmission areas and a second bit string used toindicate a resource block of a frequency domain of each transmissionarea of the M transmission areas.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the apparatus 700 is a terminal device.

It should be understood that the apparatus 700 according to thisembodiment of the present invention may correspond to the network devicein the method embodiment of the present invention, and the foregoing andother operations and/or functions of the modules in the apparatus 700are separately used to implement corresponding procedures in the methodsin FIG. 2 to FIG. 7, and are no longer described herein in detail forbrevity.

Therefore, the uplink data transmission apparatus provided in thisembodiment of the present invention selects at least one transmissionarea, and transmits uplink data according to related information, whichis assigned to the transmission area, about a transport block size.Therefore, a network device can decode uplink data on a transmissionarea according to a transport block size. In this way, a processingdelay can be reduced.

As shown in FIG. 10, an embodiment of the present invention furtherprovides an uplink data transmission apparatus 800. The apparatus 800includes: a processor 801, a memory 802, a bus system 803, and atransceiver 804. The processor 801, the memory 802, and the transceiver804 are connected by using the bus system 803. The memory 802 isconfigured to store an instruction, and the processor 801 is configuredto execute the instruction stored in the memory 802, so as to controlthe transceiver 804 to send a signal. The processor 801 is configuredto: determine M transmission areas allocated to a terminal device, andgenerate first information used to indicate the M transmission areas,where M is a positive integer, and the transmission area represents anair interface time-frequency resource that includes a time range and afrequency range that are specified by a communications system; anddetermine, for each transmission area of the M transmission areas,second information used to indicate a transport block size. Thetransceiver 804 is configured to send an indication message to theterminal device, so that the terminal device transmits uplink dataaccording to the indication message, where the indication messageincludes the first information and the second information.

Therefore, the uplink data transmission apparatus provided in thisembodiment of the present invention determines at least one transmissionarea, and assigns related information about a transport block size tothe transmission area, so that a terminal device transmits uplink dataon the transmission area by using the corresponding transport blocksize. Therefore, uplink data can be decoded on a transmission areaaccording to a transport block size. In this way, a processing delay canbe reduced.

It should be understood that in this embodiment of the presentinvention, the processor 801 may be a central processing unit (“CPU” forshort), or the processor 801 may be another general purpose processor, adigital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integratedcircuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or anotherprogrammable logical device, discrete gate or transistor logical device,discrete hardware component, or the like. The general purpose processormay be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventionalprocessor or the like.

The memory 802 may include a read-only memory and a random accessmemory, and provides an instruction and data to the processor 801. Apart of the memory 802 may further include a non-volatile random accessmemory. For example, the memory 802 may further store device-typeinformation.

The bus system 803 may include a power bus, a control bus, a statussignal bus, and the like in addition to a data bus. However, for thepurpose of clear description, various types of buses in the figure areall marked as the bus system 803.

In an implementation process, the steps of the foregoing methods may becompleted by using an integrated logical circuit of hardware in theprocessor 801 or an instruction in a form of software. Steps of themethods disclosed with reference to the embodiments of the presentinvention may be directly performed and completed by means of a hardwareprocessor, or may be performed and completed by using a combination ofhardware and software modules in the processor. The software module maybe located in a mature storage medium in the art, such as a randomaccess memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmableread-only memory, an electrically-erasable programmable memory, or aregister. The storage medium is located in the memory 802, and theprocessor 801 reads information in the memory 802 and completes thesteps of the foregoing methods in combination with hardware of theprocessor 910. To avoid repetition, details are not described hereinagain.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the processor 801 is further configuredto: determine at least one codebook-pilot set for each transmission areaof the M transmission areas, and generate third information used toindicate the at least one codebook-pilot set, where the codebook-pilotset includes multiple codebooks, multiple pilot sequences, and acombination relationship between a codebook and a pilot sequence, andthe indication message sent by the transceiver 804 further includes thethird information.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the codebook is a sparse code multipleaccess SCMA codebook, the codebook includes two or more codewords, thecodeword is a multidimensional complex vector and is used to represent amapping relationship between data and at least two modulation symbols,and the at least two modulation symbols include at least one zeromodulation symbol and at least one non-zero modulation symbol.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the second information includesinformation about a transport block size determined for eachtransmission area of the M transmission areas; or the second informationincludes information about a coding rate determined for eachtransmission area of the M transmission areas, so that the terminaldevice determines a transport block size according to a quantity of unittime-frequency resources that are in a transmission area and that can beused to transmit data, a modulation order, and the coding rate.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the transceiver 804 is further configuredto: receive uplink data that is sent by the terminal device on Ntransmission areas according to transport block sizes of the Ntransmission areas, where N is a positive integer less than or equal toM. The processor 801 is further configured to: decode the uplink data onthe N transmission areas according to the transport block sizes of the Ntransmission areas.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the first information includes time domaininformation and frequency domain information of each transmission areaof the M transmission areas.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the sending, by the transceiver 804, anindication message to the terminal device includes: carrying theindication message on a broadcast channel, and sending, in a broadcastmanner, the indication message to all or some of terminal devices servedby a network device; or carrying the indication message on a dedicatedcontrol channel, and sending, in a unicast manner, the indicationmessage to one specific terminal device or one specific group ofterminal devices served by the network device.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the third information includes an index ofthe at least one codebook-pilot set.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the second information includes an indexof the transport block size determined for each transmission area of theM transmission areas; or the second information includes an index of thecoding rate determined for each transmission area of the M transmissionareas.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the first information includes a first bitstring used to indicate a subframe of a time domain of each transmissionarea of the M transmission areas and a second bit string used toindicate a resource block of a frequency domain of each transmissionarea of the M transmission areas.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the apparatus 800 is a terminal device.

It should be understood that the uplink data transmission apparatus 800according to this embodiment of the present invention may correspond tothe network device and the apparatus 600 in this embodiment of thepresent invention, and may correspond to a corresponding object thatperforms the methods according to the embodiments of the presentinvention. The foregoing and other operations and/or functions of themodules in the apparatus 800 are separately used to implementcorresponding procedures in the methods in FIG. 2 to FIG. 7, and are nolonger described herein in detail for brevity.

Therefore, the uplink data transmission apparatus provided in thisembodiment of the present invention determines at least one transmissionarea, and assigns related information about a transport block size tothe transmission area, so that a terminal device transmits uplink dataon the transmission area by using the corresponding transport blocksize. Therefore, uplink data can be decoded on a transmission areaaccording to a transport block size. In this way, a processing delay canbe reduced.

As shown in FIG. 11, an embodiment of the present invention furtherprovides an uplink data transmission apparatus 900. The apparatus 900includes: a processor 901, a memory 902, a bus system 903, and atransceiver 904. The processor 901, the memory 902, and the transceiver904 are connected by using the bus system 903. The memory 902 isconfigured to store an instruction, and the processor 901 is configuredto execute the instruction stored in the memory 902, so as to controlthe transceiver 904 to send a signal. The transceiver 904 is configuredto: receive an indication message sent by a network device, where theindication message includes first information and second information,the first information is used to indicate M transmission areas allocatedby the network device, the second information is used to indicate atransport block size of each transmission area of the M transmissionareas, M is a positive integer, and the transmission area represents anair interface time-frequency resource that includes a time range and afrequency range that are specified by a communications system; theprocessor 901 is configured to: select N transmission areas from the Mtransmission areas according to the first information, where N is apositive integer less than or equal to M; and determine a transportblock size of each transmission area of the N transmission areasaccording to the second information. The transceiver 904 is furtherconfigured to: send, on each transmission area of the N transmissionareas, uplink data to the network device according to the transportblock size of each transmission area of the N transmission areas.

Therefore, the uplink data transmission apparatus provided in thisembodiment of the present invention selects at least one transmissionarea, and transmits uplink data according to related information, whichis assigned to the transmission area, about a transport block size.Therefore, a network device can decode uplink data on a transmissionarea according to a transport block size. In this way, a processingdelay can be reduced.

It should be understood that in this embodiment of the presentinvention, the processor 901 may be a central processing unit (“CPU” forshort), or the processor 901 may be another general purpose processor, adigital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integratedcircuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or anotherprogrammable logical device, discrete gate or transistor logical device,discrete hardware component, or the like. The general purpose processormay be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventionalprocessor or the like.

The memory 902 may include a read-only memory and a random accessmemory, and provides an instruction and data to the processor 901. Apart of the memory 902 may further include a non-volatile random accessmemory. For example, the memory 902 may further store device-typeinformation.

The bus system 903 may include a power bus, a control bus, a statussignal bus, and the like in addition to a data bus. However, for thepurpose of clear description, various types of buses in the figure areall marked as the bus system 903.

In an implementation process, the steps of the foregoing methods may becompleted by using an integrated logical circuit of hardware in theprocessor 901 or an instruction in a form of software. Steps of themethods disclosed with reference to the embodiments of the presentinvention may be directly performed and completed by means of a hardwareprocessor, or may be performed and completed by using a combination ofhardware and software modules in the processor. The software module maybe located in a mature storage medium in the art, such as a randomaccess memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmableread-only memory, an electrically-erasable programmable memory, or aregister. The storage medium is located in the memory 902, and theprocessor 901 reads information in the memory 902 and completes thesteps of the foregoing methods in combination with hardware of theprocessor 901. To avoid repetition, details are not described hereinagain.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the processor 901 is further configuredto: select one constellation-pilot combination from a presetconstellation-pilot set for each transmission area of the N transmissionareas, where the constellation-pilot set includes multipleconstellation-pilot combinations; and generate an uplink pilot signalaccording to a pilot sequence in the constellation-pilot combination.The sending, by the transceiver 904 on each transmission area of the Ntransmission areas, uplink data to the network device according to thetransport block size of each transmission area of the N transmissionareas includes: generating the uplink data on each transmission area ofthe N transmission areas according to a modulation constellation in theconstellation-pilot combination and according to the transport blocksize of each transmission area of the N transmission areas; and sendingthe uplink pilot and the uplink data to the network device on eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the indication message further includesthird information, the third information is used to indicate at leastone codebook-pilot set that is determined by the network device for eachtransmission area of the M transmission areas, and the codebook-pilotset includes multiple codebooks, pilot sequences, and a combinationrelationship between a codebook and a pilot sequence.

The processor 901 is further configured to: determine at least onecodebook-pilot set of each transmission area of the N transmission areasaccording to the third information; select one codebook-pilotcombination from the at least one codebook-pilot set for eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas; and generate an uplinkpilot signal according to a pilot sequence in the codebook-pilotcombination. The sending, by the transceiver 904 on each transmissionarea of the N transmission areas, uplink data to the network deviceaccording to the transport block size of each transmission area of the Ntransmission areas includes: generating the uplink data on eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas according to a codebook inthe codebook-pilot combination and according to the transport block sizeof each transmission area of the N transmission areas; and sending theuplink pilot and the uplink data to the network device on eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the codebook is a sparse code multipleaccess SCMA codebook, the codebook includes two or more codewords, thecodeword is a multidimensional complex vector and is used to represent amapping relationship between data and at least two modulation symbols,and the at least two modulation symbols include at least one zeromodulation symbol and at least one non-zero modulation symbol.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the constellation-pilot combination meetsthe following condition: a quantity of unit time-frequency resourcesthat are in a transmission area and that can be used to transmit data*amodulation order of a modulation constellation in a constellation-pilotcombination>a transport block size determined for the transmission area.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the codebook-pilot combination meets thefollowing condition: a quantity of unit time-frequency resources thatare in a transmission area and that can be used to transmit data*amodulation order of a codebook in a codebook-pilot combination>atransport block size determined for the transmission area.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the second information includesinformation about a transport block size that is determined by thenetwork device for each transmission area of the M transmission areas;or the second information includes information about a coding rate thatis determined by the network device for each transmission area of the Mtransmission areas, and the determining, by the processor 901, atransport block size of each transmission area of the N transmissionareas according to the second information includes: determining thetransport block size of each transmission area of the N transmissionareas according to a quantity of unit time-frequency resources that arein each transmission area of the N transmission areas and that can beused to transmit data, a modulation order, and the coding rate.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the first information includes time domaininformation and frequency domain information of each transmission areaof the M transmission areas.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the third information includes an index ofthe at least one codebook-pilot set.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the second information includes an indexof the transport block size determined for each transmission area of theM transmission areas; or

the second information includes an index of the coding rate determinedfor each transmission area of the M transmission areas.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the apparatus 900 is a terminal device.

It should be understood that the uplink data transmission apparatus 900according to this embodiment of the present invention may correspond tothe network device and the apparatus 700 in this embodiment of thepresent invention, and may correspond to a corresponding object thatperforms the methods according to the embodiments of the presentinvention. The foregoing and other operations and/or functions of themodules in the apparatus 900 are separately used to implementcorresponding procedures in the methods in FIG. 2 to FIG. 7, and are nolonger described herein in detail for brevity.

Therefore, the uplink data transmission apparatus provided in thisembodiment of the present invention selects at least one transmissionarea, and transmits uplink data according to related information, whichis assigned to the transmission area, about a transport block size.Therefore, a network device can decode uplink data on a transmissionarea according to a transport block size. In this way, a processingdelay can be reduced. In addition, the term “and/or” in thisspecification describes only an association relationship for describingassociated objects and represents that three relationships may exist.For example, A and/or B may represent the following three cases: Only Aexists, both A and B exist, and only B exists. In addition, thecharacter “/” in this specification generally represents an “or”relationship between the associated objects.

A person of ordinary skill in the art may be aware that, in combinationwith the examples described in the embodiments disclosed in thisspecification, units and algorithm steps may be implemented byelectronic hardware, computer software, or a combination thereof. Toclearly describe the interchangeability between the hardware and thesoftware, the foregoing has generally described compositions and stepsof each example according to functions. Whether the functions areperformed by hardware or software depends on particular applications anddesign constraint conditions of the technical solutions. A personskilled in the art may use different methods to implement the describedfunctions for each particular application, but it should not beconsidered that the implementation goes beyond the scope of the presentinvention.

It may be clearly understood by a person skilled in the art that, forthe purpose of convenient and brief description, for a detailed workingprocess of the foregoing system, apparatus, and unit, reference may bemade to a corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, anddetails are not described herein.

In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should beunderstood that the disclosed system, apparatus, and method may beimplemented in other manners. For example, the described apparatusembodiment is merely an example. For example, the unit division ismerely logical function division and may be other division in actualimplementation. For example, a plurality of units or components may becombined or integrated into another system, or some features may beignored or not performed. In addition, the displayed or discussed mutualcouplings or direct couplings or communication connections may beimplemented through some interfaces. The indirect couplings orcommunication connections between the apparatuses or units may beimplemented in electronic, mechanical, or other forms.

The units described as separate parts may or may not be physicallyseparate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units,may be located at one location, or may be distributed on a plurality ofnetwork units. A part or all of the units may be selected according toactual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of theembodiments of the present invention.

It may be understood that, for the brevity and clarity of theapplication document, technical features and description in anembodiment in the foregoing are applicable to other embodiments, and areno longer described in detail one by one in the other embodiments.

In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the presentinvention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each of theunits may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integratedinto one unit. The integrated unit may be implemented in a form ofhardware, or may be implemented in a form of a software functional unit.

When the integrated unit is implemented in a form of software functionalunit and sold or used as an independent product, the integrated unit maybe stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such anunderstanding, the technical solutions of the present inventionessentially, or the part contributing to the prior art, or all or a partof the technical solutions may be implemented in a form of softwareproduct. The software product is stored in a storage medium and includesseveral instructions for instructing a computer device (which may be apersonal computer, a server, or a network device) to perform all or apart of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of thepresent invention. The foregoing storage medium includes: any mediumthat can store program code, such as a USB flash drive, a removable harddisk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magneticdisk, or an optical disc.

It may be understood that, for the brevity and clarity of theapplication document, technical features and description in anembodiment in the foregoing are applicable to other embodiments, forexample, technical features in a method embodiment may be applicable toan apparatus embodiment or another method embodiment, and are no longerdescribed in detail one by one in the other embodiments.

The foregoing descriptions are merely specific embodiments of thepresent invention, but are not intended to limit the protection scope ofthe present invention. Any modification or replacement readily figuredout by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosedin the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of thepresent invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the presentinvention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

The Present application provides further embodiments as follows.

Embodiment 1

An uplink data transmission method, comprising: determining Mtransmission areas allocated to a terminal device, and generating firstinformation used to indicate the M transmission areas, wherein M is apositive integer, and the transmission area represents an air interfacetime-frequency resource that comprises a time range and a frequencyrange that are specified by a communications system; determining, foreach transmission area of the M transmission areas, second informationused to indicate a transport block size; and sending an indicationmessage to the terminal device, so that the terminal device transmitsuplink data according to the indication message, wherein the indicationmessage comprises the first information and the second information.

Embodiment 2

The method according to embodiment 1, wherein the method furthercomprises: determining at least one codebook-pilot set for eachtransmission area of the M transmission areas, and generating thirdinformation used to indicate the at least one codebook-pilot set,wherein the indication message further comprises the third information,and the codebook-pilot set comprises multiple codebooks, multiple pilotsequences, and a combination relationship between a codebook and a pilotsequence.

Embodiment 3

The method according to embodiment 2, wherein the codebook comprises twoor more codewords, the codeword is a multidimensional complex vector andis used to represent a mapping relationship between data and at leasttwo modulation symbols, and the at least two modulation symbols compriseat least one zero modulation symbol and at least one non-zero modulationsymbol.

Embodiment 4

The method according to any one of embodiments 1 to 3, wherein the thirdinformation comprises an index of the at least one codebook-pilot set.

Embodiment 5

The method according to any one of embodiments 1 to 4, wherein thesecond information comprises information about a transport block sizedetermined for each transmission area of the M transmission areas; orthe second information comprises information about a coding ratedetermined for each transmission area of the M transmission areas.

Embodiment 6

The method according to any one of embodiments 1 to 5, wherein thesecond information comprises an index of the transport block sizedetermined for each transmission area of the M transmission areas; orthe second information comprises an index of the coding rate determinedfor each transmission area of the M transmission areas.

Embodiment 7

The method according to any one of embodiments 1 to 6, wherein themethod further comprises: receiving uplink data that is sent by theterminal device on N transmission areas according to transport blocksizes of the N transmission areas, wherein N is a positive integer lessthan or equal to M; and decoding the uplink data on the N transmissionareas according to the transport block sizes of the N transmissionareas.

Embodiment 8

The method according to any one of embodiments 1 to 7, wherein the firstinformation comprises time domain information and frequency domaininformation of each transmission area of the M transmission areas.

Embodiment 9

The method according to any one of embodiments 1 to 8, wherein the firstinformation comprises a first bit string used to indicate a subframe ofa time domain of each transmission area of the M transmission areas anda second bit string used to indicate a resource block of a frequencydomain of each transmission area of the M transmission areas.

Embodiment 10

The method according to any one of embodiments 1 to 9, wherein thesending an indication message to the terminal device comprises: carryingthe indication message on a broadcast channel, and sending, in abroadcast manner, the indication message to all or some of terminaldevices served by a network device; or carrying the indication messageon a dedicated control channel, and sending, in a unicast manner, theindication message to one specific terminal device or one specific groupof terminal devices served by the network device.

Embodiment 11

An uplink data transmission method, comprising: receiving an indicationmessage sent by a network device, wherein the indication messagecomprises first information and second information, the firstinformation is used to indicate M transmission areas allocated by thenetwork device, the second information is used to indicate a transportblock size of each transmission area of the M transmission areas, M is apositive integer, and the transmission area represents an air interfacetime-frequency resource that comprises a time range and a frequencyrange that are specified by a communications system; selecting Ntransmission areas from the M transmission areas according to the firstinformation, wherein N is a positive integer less than or equal to M;determining a transport block size of each transmission area of the Ntransmission areas according to the second information; and sending, oneach transmission area of the N transmission areas, uplink data to thenetwork device according to the transport block size of eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas.

Embodiment 12

The method according to embodiment 11, wherein the method furthercomprises: selecting one constellation-pilot combination from a presetconstellation-pilot set for each transmission area of the N transmissionareas, wherein the constellation-pilot set comprises multipleconstellation-pilot combinations; and generating an uplink pilot signalaccording to a pilot sequence in the constellation-pilot combination.The sending, on each transmission area of the N transmission areas,uplink data to the network device according to the transport block sizeof each transmission area of the N transmission areas comprises:generating the uplink data on each transmission area of the Ntransmission areas according to a modulation constellation in theconstellation-pilot combination and according to the transport blocksize of each transmission area of the N transmission areas; and sendingthe uplink pilot and the uplink data to the network device on eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas.

Embodiment 13

The method according to embodiment 11, wherein the indication messagefurther comprises third information, the third information is used toindicate at least one codebook-pilot set that is determined by thenetwork device for each transmission area of the M transmission areas,and the codebook-pilot set comprises multiple codebooks, pilotsequences, and a combination relationship between a codebook and a pilotsequence. The method further comprises: determining at least onecodebook-pilot set of each transmission area of the N transmission areasaccording to the third information; selecting one codebook-pilotcombination from the at least one codebook-pilot set for eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas; and generating an uplinkpilot signal according to a pilot sequence in the codebook-pilotcombination. The sending, on each transmission area of the Ntransmission areas, uplink data to the network device according to thetransport block size of each transmission area of the N transmissionareas comprises: generating the uplink data on each transmission area ofthe N transmission areas according to a codebook in the codebook-pilotcombination and according to the transport block size of eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas; and sending the uplinkpilot and the uplink data to the network device on each transmissionarea of the N transmission areas.

Embodiment 14

The method according to embodiment 13, wherein the codebook comprisestwo or more codewords, the codeword is a multidimensional complex vectorand is used to represent a mapping relationship between data and atleast two modulation symbols, and the at least two modulation symbolscomprise at least one zero modulation symbol and at least one non-zeromodulation symbol.

Embodiment 15

The method according to embodiment 13 or 14, wherein the thirdinformation comprises an index of the at least one codebook-pilot set.

Embodiment 16

The method according to embodiment 12, wherein the constellation-pilotcombination meets the following condition: a quantity of unittime-frequency resources that are in a transmission area and that can beused to transmit data*a modulation order of a modulation constellationin a constellation-pilot combination>a transport block size determinedfor the transmission area.

Embodiment 17

The method according to any one of embodiments 13 to 15, wherein thecodebook-pilot combination meets the following condition: a quantity ofunit time-frequency resources that are in a transmission area and thatcan be used to transmit data*a modulation order of a codebook in acodebook-pilot combination>a transport block size determined for thetransmission area.

Embodiment 18

The method according to any one of embodiments 11 to 17, wherein thesecond information comprises information about a coding rate that isdetermined by the network device for each transmission area of the Mtransmission areas, and the determining a transport block size of eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas according to the secondinformation comprises: determining the transport block size of eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas according to a quantity ofunit time-frequency resources that are in each transmission area of theN transmission areas and that can be used to transmit data, a modulationorder, and the coding rate.

Embodiment 19

The method according to any one of embodiments 11 to 17, wherein thesecond information comprises an index of the transport block sizedetermined for each transmission area of the M transmission areas; orthe second information comprises an index of a coding rate determinedfor each transmission area of the M transmission areas.

Embodiment 20

The method according to any one of embodiments 11 to 19, wherein thefirst information comprises time domain information and frequency domaininformation of each transmission area of the M transmission areas.

Embodiment 21

The method according to any one of embodiments 11 to 20, wherein thefirst information comprises a first bit string used to indicate asubframe of a time domain of each transmission area of the Mtransmission areas and a second bit string used to indicate a resourceblock of a frequency domain of each transmission area of the Mtransmission areas.

Embodiment 22

An uplink data transmission apparatus, comprising: a first determiningmodule, configured to: determine M transmission areas allocated to aterminal device, and generate first information used to indicate the Mtransmission areas, wherein M is a positive integer, and thetransmission area represents an air interface time-frequency resourcethat comprises a time range and a frequency range that are specified bya communications system; a second determining module, configured todetermine, for each transmission area of the M transmission areas thatare determined by the first determining module, second information usedto indicate a transport block size; and a sending module, configured tosend an indication message to the terminal device, so that the terminaldevice transmits uplink data according to the indication message,wherein the indication message comprises the first informationdetermined by the first determining module and the second informationdetermined by the second determining module.

Embodiment 23

The apparatus according to embodiment 22, wherein the apparatus furthercomprises: a second determining module, configured to: determine atleast one codebook-pilot set for each transmission area of the Mtransmission areas that are determined by the first determining module,and generate third information used to indicate the at least onecodebook-pilot set, wherein the indication message sent by the sendingmodule further comprises the third information, and the codebook-pilotset comprises multiple codebooks, multiple pilot sequences, and acombination relationship between a codebook and a pilot sequence.

Embodiment 24

The apparatus according to embodiment 23, wherein the codebook comprisestwo or more codewords, the codeword is a multidimensional complex vectorand is used to represent a mapping relationship between data and atleast two modulation symbols, and the at least two modulation symbolscomprise at least one zero modulation symbol and at least one non-zeromodulation symbol.

Embodiment 25

The apparatus according to any one of embodiments 22 to 24, wherein thethird information comprises an index of the at least one codebook-pilotset.

Embodiment 26

The apparatus according to any one of embodiments 22 to 25, wherein thesecond information comprises information about a transport block sizedetermined for each transmission area of the M transmission areas; orthe second information comprises information about a coding ratedetermined for each transmission area of the M transmission areas, sothat the terminal device determines a transport block size according toa quantity of unit time-frequency resources that are in a transmissionarea and that can be used to transmit data, a modulation order, and thecoding rate.

Embodiment 27

The apparatus according to any one of embodiments 22 to 26, wherein thesecond information comprises an index of the transport block sizedetermined for each transmission area of the M transmission areas; orthe second information comprises an index of the coding rate determinedfor each transmission area of the M transmission areas.

Embodiment 28

The apparatus according to any one of embodiments 22 to 27, wherein theapparatus further comprises: a receiving module, configured to receiveuplink data that is sent by the terminal device on N transmission areasaccording to transport block sizes of the N transmission areas, whereinN is a positive integer less than or equal to M; and a decoding module,configured to decode the uplink data on the N transmission areasaccording to the transport block sizes of the N transmission areas.

Embodiment 29

The apparatus according to any one of embodiments 22 to 28, wherein thefirst information comprises time domain information and frequency domaininformation of each transmission area of the M transmission areas.

Embodiment 30

The apparatus according to any one of embodiments 22 to 29, wherein thefirst information comprises a first bit string used to indicate asubframe of a time domain of each transmission area of the Mtransmission areas and a second bit string used to indicate a resourceblock of a frequency domain of each transmission area of the Mtransmission areas.

Embodiment 31

The apparatus according to any one of embodiments 22 to 30, wherein thesending module is specifically configured to: carry the indicationmessage on a broadcast channel, and send, in a broadcast manner, theindication message to all or some of terminal devices served by anetwork device; or carry the indication message on a dedicated controlchannel, and send, in a unicast manner, the indication message to onespecific terminal device or one specific group of terminal devicesserved by the network device.

Embodiment 32

The apparatus according to any one of embodiments 22 to 31, wherein theapparatus is a network device.

Embodiment 33

An uplink data transmission apparatus, comprising: a receiving module,configured to receive an indication message sent by a network device,wherein the indication message comprises first information and secondinformation, the first information is used to indicate M transmissionareas allocated by the network device, the second information is used toindicate a transport block size of each transmission area of the Mtransmission areas, M is a positive integer, and the transmission arearepresents an air interface time-frequency resource that comprises atime range and a frequency range that are specified by a communicationssystem; a first determining module, configured to select N transmissionareas from the M transmission areas according to the first information,wherein N is a positive integer less than or equal to M; a seconddetermining module, configured to determine, according to the secondinformation, transport block sizes of the N transmission areasdetermined by the first determining module; and a sending module,configured to send, on each transmission area of the N transmissionareas determined by the first determining module, uplink data to thenetwork device according to the transport block size, which isdetermined by the second determining module, of each transmission areaof the N transmission areas.

Embodiment 34

The apparatus according to embodiment 33, wherein the apparatus furthercomprises: a third determining module, configured to select oneconstellation-pilot combination from a preset constellation-pilot setfor each transmission area of the N transmission areas, wherein theconstellation-pilot set comprises multiple constellation-pilotcombinations; and a first generation module, configured to generate anuplink pilot signal according to a pilot sequence in theconstellation-pilot combination determined by the third determiningmodule; and the sending module is specifically configured to: generateuplink data on each transmission area of the N transmission areasaccording to a modulation constellation in the constellation-pilotcombination and according to the transport block size of eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas; and send the uplink pilotand the uplink data to the network device on each transmission area ofthe N transmission areas.

Embodiment 35

The apparatus according to embodiment 33, wherein the indication messagefurther comprises third information, the third information is used toindicate at least one codebook-pilot set that is determined by thenetwork device for each transmission area of the M transmission areas,and the codebook-pilot set comprises multiple codebooks, pilotsequences, and a combination relationship between a codebook and a pilotsequence; the apparatus further comprises: a fourth determining module,configured to determine at least one codebook-pilot set of eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas according to the thirdinformation; a fifth determining module, configured to select onecodebook-pilot combination from the at least one codebook-pilot set foreach transmission area of the N transmission areas; and a secondgeneration module, configured to generate an uplink pilot signalaccording to a pilot sequence in the codebook-pilot combination. Thesending module is specifically configured to: generate uplink data oneach transmission area of the N transmission areas according to acodebook in the codebook-pilot combination and according to thetransport block size of each transmission area of the N transmissionareas; and send the uplink pilot and the uplink data to the networkdevice on each transmission area of the N transmission areas.

Embodiment 36

The apparatus according to embodiment 35, wherein the codebook comprisestwo or more codewords, the codeword is a multidimensional complex vectorand is used to represent a mapping relationship between data and atleast two modulation symbols, and the at least two modulation symbolscomprise at least one zero modulation symbol and at least one non-zeromodulation symbol.

Embodiment 37

The apparatus according to embodiment 35 or 36, wherein the thirdinformation comprises an index of the at least one codebook-pilot set.

Embodiment 38

The apparatus according to embodiment 34, wherein theconstellation-pilot combination meets the following condition: aquantity of unit time-frequency resources that are in a transmissionarea and that can be used to transmit data*a modulation order of amodulation constellation in a constellation-pilot combination>atransport block size determined for the transmission area.

Embodiment 39

The apparatus according to any one of embodiments 35 to 37, wherein thecodebook-pilot combination meets the following condition: a quantity ofunit time-frequency resources that are in a transmission area and thatcan be used to transmit data*a modulation order of a codebook in acodebook-pilot combination>a transport block size determined for thetransmission area.

Embodiment 40

The apparatus according to any one of embodiments 33 to 39, wherein thesecond information comprises information about a coding rate that isdetermined by the network device for each transmission area of the Mtransmission areas, and the second determining module is specificallyconfigured to: determine the transport block size of each transmissionarea of the N transmission areas according to a quantity of unittime-frequency resources that are in each transmission area of the Ntransmission areas and that can be used to transmit data, a modulationorder, and the coding rate.

Embodiment 41

The apparatus according to any one of embodiments 33 to 39, wherein thesecond information comprises an index of the transport block sizedetermined for each transmission area of the M transmission areas; orthe second information comprises an index of a coding rate determinedfor each transmission area of the M transmission areas.

Embodiment 42

The apparatus according to any one of embodiments 33 to 41, wherein thefirst information comprises time domain information and frequency domaininformation of each transmission area of the M transmission areas.

Embodiment 43

The apparatus according to any one of embodiments 33 to 42, wherein thefirst information comprises a first bit string used to indicate asubframe of a time domain of each transmission area of the Mtransmission areas and a second bit string used to indicate a resourceblock of a frequency domain of each transmission area of the Mtransmission areas.

Embodiment 44

The apparatus according to any one of embodiments 33 to 43, wherein theapparatus is a terminal device.

Embodiment 45

An uplink data transmission apparatus, comprising a processor, a memory,a bus system, and a transceiver, wherein the processor, the memory, andthe transceiver are connected by using the bus system, the memory isconfigured to store an instruction, and the processor is configured toexecute the instruction stored in the memory, so as to control thetransceiver to send a signal; the processor is configured to: determineM transmission areas allocated to a terminal device, and generate firstinformation used to indicate the M transmission areas, wherein M is apositive integer, the transmission area represents an air interfacetime-frequency resource that comprises a time range and a frequencyrange that are specified by a communications system; and determine, foreach transmission area of the M transmission areas, second informationused to indicate a transport block size; and the transceiver isconfigured to send an indication message to the terminal device, so thatthe terminal device transmits uplink data according to the indicationmessage, wherein the indication message comprises the first informationand the second information.

Embodiment 46

The apparatus according to embodiment 45, wherein the processor isfurther configured to: determine at least one codebook-pilot set foreach transmission area of the M transmission areas, and generate thirdinformation used to indicate the at least one codebook-pilot set,wherein the codebook-pilot set comprises multiple codebooks, multiplepilot sequences, and a combination relationship between a codebook and apilot sequence, and the indication message sent by the transceiverfurther comprises the third information.

Embodiment 47

The apparatus according to embodiment 46, wherein the codebook comprisestwo or more codewords, the codeword is a multidimensional complex vectorand is used to represent a mapping relationship between data and atleast two modulation symbols, and the at least two modulation symbolscomprise at least one zero modulation symbol and at least one non-zeromodulation symbol.

Embodiment 48

The apparatus according to any one of embodiments 45 to 47, wherein thethird information comprises an index of the at least one codebook-pilotset.

Embodiment 49

The apparatus according to any one of embodiments 45 to 48, wherein thesecond information comprises information about a transport block sizedetermined for each transmission area of the M transmission areas; orthe second information comprises information about a coding ratedetermined for each transmission area of the M transmission areas, sothat the terminal device determines a transport block size according toa quantity of unit time-frequency resources that are in a transmissionarea and that can be used to transmit data, a modulation order, and thecoding rate.

Embodiment 50

The apparatus according to any one of embodiments 45 to 49, wherein thesecond information comprises an index of the transport block sizedetermined for each transmission area of the M transmission areas; orthe second information comprises an index of the coding rate determinedfor each transmission area of the M transmission areas.

Embodiment 51

The apparatus according to any one of embodiments 45 to 50, wherein thetransceiver is further configured to: receive uplink data that is sentby the terminal device on N transmission areas according to transportblock sizes of the N transmission areas, wherein N is a positive integerless than or equal to M; and the processor is further configured to:decode the uplink data on the N transmission areas according to thetransport block sizes of the N transmission areas.

Embodiment 52

The apparatus according to any one of embodiments 45 to 51, wherein thefirst information comprises time domain information and frequency domaininformation of each transmission area of the M transmission areas.

Embodiment 53

The apparatus according to any one of embodiments 45 to 52, wherein thefirst information comprises a first bit string used to indicate asubframe of a time domain of each transmission area of the Mtransmission areas and a second bit string used to indicate a resourceblock of a frequency domain of each transmission area of the Mtransmission areas.

Embodiment 54

The apparatus according to any one of embodiments 45 to 53, wherein thesending, by the transceiver, an indication message to the terminaldevice comprises: carrying the indication message on a broadcastchannel, and sending, in a broadcast manner, the indication message toall or some of terminal devices served by a network device; or carryingthe indication message on a dedicated control channel, and sending, in aunicast manner, the indication message to one specific terminal deviceor one specific group of terminal devices served by the network device.

Embodiment 55

The apparatus according to any one of embodiments 45 to 54, wherein theapparatus is a network device.

Embodiment 56

An uplink data transmission apparatus, comprising a processor, a memory,a bus system, and a transceiver, wherein the processor, the memory, andthe transceiver are connected by using the bus system, the memory isconfigured to store an instruction, and the processor is configured toexecute the instruction stored in the memory, so as to control thetransceiver to send a signal; the transceiver is configured to: receivean indication message sent by a network device, wherein the indicationmessage comprises first information and second information, the firstinformation is used to indicate M transmission areas allocated by thenetwork device, the second information is used to indicate a transportblock size of each transmission area of the M transmission areas, M is apositive integer, and the transmission area represents an air interfacetime-frequency resource that comprises a time range and a frequencyrange that are specified by a communications system; the processor isconfigured to: select N transmission areas from the M transmission areasaccording to the first information, wherein N is a positive integer lessthan or equal to M; and determine a transport block size of eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas according to the secondinformation; and the transceiver is further configured to: send, on eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas, uplink data to thenetwork device according to the transport block size of eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas.

Embodiment 57

The apparatus according to embodiment 56, wherein the processor isfurther configured to: select one constellation-pilot combination from apreset constellation-pilot set for each transmission area of the Ntransmission areas, wherein the constellation-pilot set comprisesmultiple constellation-pilot combinations; and generate an uplink pilotsignal according to a pilot sequence in the constellation-pilotcombination; and the sending, by the transceiver on each transmissionarea of the N transmission areas, uplink data to the network deviceaccording to the transport block size of each transmission area of the Ntransmission areas comprises: generating the uplink data on eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas according to a modulationconstellation in the constellation-pilot combination and according tothe transport block size of each transmission area of the N transmissionareas; and sending the uplink pilot and the uplink data to the networkdevice on each transmission area of the N transmission areas. Embodiment58. The apparatus according to embodiment 56, wherein the indicationmessage further comprises third information, the third information isused to indicate at least one codebook-pilot set that is determined bythe network device for each transmission area of the M transmissionareas, and the codebook-pilot set comprises multiple codebooks, pilotsequences, and a combination relationship between a codebook and a pilotsequence; the processor is further configured to: determine at least onecodebook-pilot set of each transmission area of the N transmission areasaccording to the third information; select one codebook-pilotcombination from the at least one codebook-pilot set for eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas; and generate an uplinkpilot signal according to a pilot sequence in the codebook-pilotcombination; and the sending, by the transceiver on each transmissionarea of the N transmission areas, uplink data to the network deviceaccording to the transport block size of each transmission area of the Ntransmission areas comprises: generating the uplink data on eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas according to a codebook inthe codebook-pilot combination and according to the transport block sizeof each transmission area of the N transmission areas; and sending theuplink pilot and the uplink data to the network device on eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas.

Embodiment 59

The apparatus according to embodiment 58, wherein the codebook comprisestwo or more codewords, the codeword is a multidimensional complex vectorand is used to represent a mapping relationship between data and atleast two modulation symbols, and the at least two modulation symbolscomprise at least one zero modulation symbol and at least one non-zeromodulation symbol.

Embodiment 60

The apparatus according to embodiment 58 or 59, wherein the thirdinformation comprises an index of the at least one codebook-pilot set.

Embodiment 61

The apparatus according to embodiment 57, wherein theconstellation-pilot combination meets the following condition: aquantity of unit time-frequency resources that are in a transmissionarea and that can be used to transmit data*a modulation order of amodulation constellation in a constellation-pilot combination>atransport block size determined for the transmission area.

Embodiment 62

The apparatus according to embodiment 58 or 60, wherein thecodebook-pilot combination meets the following condition: a quantity ofunit time-frequency resources that are in a transmission area and thatcan be used to transmit data*a modulation order of a codebook in acodebook-pilot combination>a transport block size determined for thetransmission area.

Embodiment 63

The apparatus according to any one of embodiments 56 to 62, wherein thesecond information comprises information about a transport block sizethat is determined by the network device for each transmission area ofthe M transmission areas; or the second information comprisesinformation about a coding rate that is determined by the network devicefor each transmission area of the M transmission areas, and thedetermining, by the processor, a transport block size of eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas according to the secondinformation comprises: determining the transport block size of eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas according to a quantity ofunit time-frequency resources that are in each transmission area of theN transmission areas and that can be used to transmit data, a modulationorder, and the coding rate.

Embodiment 64

The apparatus according to any one of embodiments 58 to 62, wherein thesecond information comprises an index of the transport block sizedetermined for each transmission area of the M transmission areas; orthe second information comprises an index of a coding rate determinedfor each transmission area of the M transmission areas.

Embodiment 65

The apparatus according to any one of embodiments 56 to 64, wherein thefirst information comprises time domain information and frequency domaininformation of each transmission area of the M transmission areas.

Embodiment 66

The apparatus according to any one of embodiments 56 to 65, wherein thefirst information comprises a first bit string used to indicate asubframe of a time domain of each transmission area of the Mtransmission areas and a second bit string used to indicate a resourceblock of a frequency domain of each transmission area of the Mtransmission areas.

Embodiment 67

The apparatus according to any one of embodiments 56 to 66, wherein theapparatus is a terminal device.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method, comprising: generating firstinformation indicating M transmission areas allocated to a terminaldevice, wherein M is a positive integer, and each transmission area ofthe M transmission areas represents a time-frequency resource, whereinthe first information comprises time domain information and frequencydomain information of each transmission area of the M transmissionareas, and the time domain information of each transmission area of theM transmission areas comprises a time domain assignment, a time domainperiod, and a time domain offset; generating, for each transmission areaof the M transmission areas, second information indicating a coding rateused for determining a transport block size; and sending an indicationmessage to the terminal device, wherein the indication message comprisesthe first information and the second information.
 2. The methodaccording to claim 1, wherein the second information comprises an indexof the coding rate determined for each transmission area of the Mtransmission areas.
 3. The method according to claim 1, furthercomprising: receiving uplink data that is sent by the terminal device onN transmission areas among the M transmission areas, wherein N is apositive integer less than or equal to M; and decoding the uplink dataon the N transmission areas according to transport block sizes of the Ntransmission areas, wherein each of the transport block sizes of the Ntransmission areas is determined according to the coding rate determinedfor a corresponding transmission area of the N transmission areas. 4.The method according to claim 1, wherein the first information comprisesa bit string indicating a resource block of a frequency domain of eachtransmission area of the M transmission areas.
 5. The method accordingto claim 1, wherein sending the indication message to the terminaldevice comprises: carrying the indication message on a broadcastchannel, and sending, in a broadcast manner, the indication message toall or some of terminal devices served by a network device; or carryingthe indication message on a dedicated control channel, and sending, in aunicast manner, the indication message to one specific terminal deviceor one specific group of terminal devices served by the network device.6. An apparatus, comprising: a processor; a non-transitory memory; a bussystem; and a transceiver; wherein the processor, the non-transitorymemory, and the transceiver are connected by using the bus system, thenon-transitory memory is configured to store instructions, and theprocessor is configured to execute the instructions stored in thenon-transitory memory, to control the transceiver to transmit and/orreceive; and wherein the processor is further configured to execute theinstructions to: generate first information indicating M transmissionareas allocated to a terminal device, wherein M is a positive integer,and each transmission area of the M transmission areas represents atime-frequency resource, wherein the first information comprises timedomain information and frequency domain information of each transmissionarea of the M transmission areas, where the time domain information ofeach transmission area of the M transmission areas comprises a timedomain assignment, a time domain period, and a time domain offset; andgenerate, for each transmission area of the M transmission areas, secondinformation indicating a coding rate used for determined a transportblock size; and wherein the transceiver is configured to send anindication message to the terminal device, wherein the indicationmessage comprises the first information and the second information. 7.The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the processor is furtherconfigured to: determine a codebook-pilot set for each transmission areaof the M transmission areas, and generate third information indicatingthe codebook-pilot set, wherein the codebook-pilot set comprisesmultiple codebooks, multiple pilot sequences, and a combinationrelationship between a codebook and a pilot sequence; and wherein theindication message sent by the transceiver further comprises the thirdinformation.
 8. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein eachcodebook comprises two or more codewords, and each codeword is amultidimensional complex vector and represents a mapping relationshipbetween data and a plurality of modulation symbols, and the plurality ofmodulation symbols comprises a zero modulation symbol and a non-zeromodulation symbol.
 9. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein thethird information comprises an index of the codebook-pilot set.
 10. Theapparatus according to claim 6, wherein the second information comprisesan index of the coding rate determined for each transmission area of theM transmission areas.
 11. The apparatus according to claim 6, whereinthe transceiver is further configured to: receive uplink data that issent by the terminal device on N transmission areas among the Mtransmission areas, wherein N is a positive integer less than or equalto M; and wherein the processor is further configured to decode theuplink data on the N transmission areas according to transport blocksizes of the N transmission areas, wherein each of the transport blocksizes of the N transmission areas is determined according to the codingrate determined by the apparatus for a corresponding transmission areaof the N transmission areas.
 12. The apparatus according to claim 6,wherein the first information comprises a bit string indicating aresource block of a frequency domain of each transmission area of the Mtransmission areas.
 13. The apparatus according to claim 6, whereinsending, by the transceiver, the indication message to the terminaldevice comprises: carrying the indication message on a broadcastchannel, and sending, in a broadcast manner, the indication message toall or some of terminal devices served by a network device; or carryingthe indication message on a dedicated control channel, and sending, in aunicast manner, the indication message to one specific terminal deviceor one specific group of terminal devices served by the network device.14. An apparatus, comprising: a processor; a non-transitory memory; abus system; and a transceiver; wherein the processor, the non-transitorymemory, and the transceiver are connected using the bus system, thenon-transitory memory is configured to store instructions, and theprocessor is configured to execute the instructions stored in thenon-transitory memory, to control the transceiver to transmit and/orreceive; wherein the transceiver is configured to: receive an indicationmessage sent by a network device, wherein the indication messagecomprises first information and second information, the firstinformation indicates M transmission areas allocated by the networkdevice to a terminal device, the second information comprises a codingrate assigned for each transmission area of the M transmission areas, Mis a positive integer, and each transmission area represents atime-frequency resource, wherein the first information comprises timedomain information and frequency domain information of each transmissionarea of the M transmission areas, and wherein the time domaininformation of each transmission area of the M transmission areascomprises a time domain assignment, a time domain period, and a timedomain offset; wherein the processor is further configured to: determineN transmission areas according to the first information, wherein N is apositive integer less than or equal to M; and determine a transportblock size of each transmission area of the N transmission areasaccording to the second information; and wherein the transceiver isfurther configured to: send, on each transmission area of the Ntransmission areas, uplink data to the network device according to thetransport block size of each transmission area of the N transmissionareas.
 15. The apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the processor isfurther configured to: select one constellation-pilot combination from apreset constellation-pilot set for each transmission area of the Ntransmission areas, wherein the preset constellation-pilot set comprisesmultiple constellation-pilot combinations; and generate an uplink pilotsignal according to a pilot sequence in the constellation-pilotcombination; wherein sending, by the transceiver on each transmissionarea of the N transmission areas, uplink data to the network deviceaccording to the transport block size of each transmission area of the Ntransmission areas comprises: generating the uplink data on eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas according to a modulationconstellation in the constellation-pilot combination and according tothe transport block size of each transmission area of the N transmissionareas; and sending the uplink pilot signal and the uplink data to thenetwork device on each transmission area of the N transmission areas.16. The apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the oneconstellation-pilot combination meets the following condition: aquantity of unit time-frequency resources that are in a transmissionarea and that can be used to transmit data * a modulation order of amodulation constellation in a constellation-pilot combination>atransport block size determined for the transmission area.
 17. Theapparatus according to claim 14, wherein the indication message furthercomprises third information, the third information indicates acodebook-pilot set that is determined by the network device for eachtransmission area of the M transmission areas, and the codebook-pilotset comprises multiple codebooks, pilot sequences, and a combinationrelationship between a codebook and a pilot sequence; wherein theprocessor is further configured to: determine a codebook-pilot set ofeach transmission area of the N transmission areas according to thethird information; select one codebook-pilot combination from thecodebook-pilot set for each transmission area of the N transmissionareas; and generate an uplink pilot signal according to a pilot sequencein the codebook-pilot combination; and wherein sending, by thetransceiver on each transmission area of the N transmission areas,uplink data to the network device according to the transport block sizeof each transmission area of the N transmission areas comprises:generating the uplink data on each transmission area of the Ntransmission areas according to a codebook in the codebook-pilotcombination and according to the transport block size of eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas; and sending the uplinkpilot signal and the uplink data to the network device on eachtransmission area of the N transmission areas.
 18. The apparatusaccording to claim 17, wherein each codebook comprises two or morecodewords, each codeword is a multidimensional complex vector andrepresents a mapping relationship between data and a plurality ofmodulation symbols, and the plurality of modulation symbols comprise azero modulation symbol and a non-zero modulation symbol.
 19. Theapparatus according to claim 17, wherein the third information comprisesan index of the codebook-pilot set.
 20. The apparatus according to claim17, wherein the codebook-pilot combination meets the followingcondition: a quantity of unit time-frequency resources that are in atransmission area and that can be used to transmit data * a modulationorder of a codebook in a codebook-pilot combination>a transport blocksize determined for the transmission area.
 21. The apparatus accordingto claim 14, wherein determining, by the processor, a transport blocksize of each transmission area of the N transmission areas according tothe second information comprises: determining the transport block sizeof each transmission area of the N transmission areas according to aquantity of unit time-frequency resources that are in each transmissionarea of the N transmission areas and that can be used to transmit data,a modulation order, and the coding rate.
 22. The apparatus according toclaim 21, wherein the second information comprises an index of a codingrate determined for each transmission area of the M transmission areas.23. The apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the first informationcomprises a first bit string indicating a subframe of a time domain ofeach transmission area of the M transmission areas and a second bitstring indicating a resource block of a frequency domain of eachtransmission area of the M transmission areas.
 24. The method accordingto claim 1, wherein the M transmission areas are used for non-grant-modeuplink transmission, and wherein uplink data is transmitted by using,without a grant from a network device, a transmission area among the Mtransmission areas.
 25. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein theM transmission areas are used for non-grant-mode uplink transmission,and wherein uplink data is transmitted by using, without a grant fromthe apparatus, a transmission area among the M transmission areas. 26.The apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the M transmission areasare used for non-grant-mode uplink transmission, and wherein uplink datais transmitted by using, without a grant from the network device, atransmission area among the M transmission areas.